ICSE solutions for Biology [English] Class 10 chapter 5 - Photosynthesis [Latest edition]

What are the basic requirements of photosynthesis?

Where are the chlorophyll pigments present in a cell?

Name the membrane that connects thylakoid of one granum With the other granum.

Give some adaptations in green leaf photosynthesis.

What is the importance of photosynthesis in the life of the following:

Green plants

What is the importance of photosynthesis in the life of the following:

Non-green plants

What is the importance of photosynthesis in the life of the following:

Animals

A leaf is a food factory. Explain.

Why green leaves are thin and broad?

State one important function of chloroplasts.

Which tissues and cells are mainly concerned with photosynthesis?

Why Is Photosynthesis Important in Nature?

How do non-green plants such as fungi and bacteria obtain their nourishment?

"Oxygen is a waste product of photosynthesis." Comment.

What is meant by the photolysis of water?

Oxygen given out during photosynthesis comes from water. Explain this statement.

How is the rate of photosynthesis affected when a green plant gets the green light?

Why is it not possible to demonstrate respiration in a green plant kept in sunlight?

Explain, why respiration is said to be a reversed process of photosynthesis?

Name the molecules which are called assimilatory power? Why are they called so?

What is the law of limiting factors?

Complete the following food chain by writing the names of appropriate organisms in the blanks:

Grass → __________ → Snake → __________

Complete the following food chain by writing the names of appropriate organisms in the blanks:

 → __________ → __________ → Hen → Man

Complete the following food chain by writing the names of appropriate organisms in the blank:

Grass → __________ → Lion

Complete the following food chain by writing the names of appropriate organisms in the blanks:

 __________ → Mouse → _________ → Peaock

On a bright sunny day, water weeds growing in an aquarium were actively giving off bubbles of gas. Use this information to answer questions that follow:

1. Name the process occurring in the water weed that has resulted in the evolution of these bubbles.
2. Of what gas do these bubbles consist?
3. Briefly describe the reactions occurring in the leaves of the water weeds leading to the evolution of these bubbles.
4. Give an overall balanced chemical equation to represent the process named in (i) above.

What is meant by a destarched plant? How can it be destarched?

Using the destarched plant describe step by step how would you proceed to prove that in the absence of light the leaf cannot manufacture starch?

A healthy croton plant bearing variegated leaves was kept in a dark cupboard to destarch it after which it was placed in sunlight for a few hours. One of the leaves was then plucked and an outline of the leaf marking the green and the non-green regions was drawn. The leaf was then tested for starch. Using the above information, answer the following questions:

1. State the aim of the above experiment.
2. Name the chemical used for testing the presence of starch.
3. Why is the leaf boiled in water and alcohol before testing for the presence of starch?
4. What change is seen on the leaf after the starch test?
5. Give the chemical equation to represent the process of starch formation in plants.

A candidate in order to study the importance of certain factors in photosynthesis took a potted plant and kept it in the dark for over 24 hours. Then in the early hours of the morning, she covered one of the leaves with black paper in the center only. She placed the potted plant in the sunlight for a few hours, and then tested the leaf which was covered with black paper for starch.

1. What aspect of photosynthesis was being investigated?
2. Is there any control in this experiment? If so, state the same.
3. Why was the plant kept in the dark before the experiment?
4. Describe step by step how the candidate proceeded to test the leaf for the presence of starch.

A potted plant was taken in order to prove a factor necessary for photosynthesis. The potted plant was kept in the dark for 24 hours. One of the leaves was covered with black paper in the centre. The potted plant was then placed in sunlight for a few hours.

What aspect of photosynthesis was being tested?

A potted plant was taken in order to prove a factor necessary for photosynthesis. The potted plant was kept in the dark for 24 hours. One of the leaves was covered with black paper in the centre. The potted plant was then placed in sunlight for a few hours.

Why was the plant placed in the dark before beginning the experiment?

A potted plant was taken in order to prove a factor necessary for photosynthesis. The potted plant was kept in the dark for 24 hours. One of the leaves was covered with black paper in the centre. The potted plant was then placed in sunlight for a few hours.

During the starch test, why was the leaf

(1) boiled in water

(2) boiled in methylated spirit

A potted plant was taken in order to prove a factor necessary for photosynthesis. The potted plant was kept in the dark for 24 hours. One of the leaves was covered with black paper in the centre. The potted plant was then placed in sunlight for a few hours.

Write a balanced chemical equation to represent the process of photosynthesis. 

Write an experiment to demonstrate that CO₂ is necessary for photosynthesis.

List the events taking place in the photo-chemical phase of Photosynthesis.

If you are planning an experiment to show the effect of light on photosynthesis :
(1) Will you select white light or green light? Justify your answer.
(2) Why would you select a destarched plant?

 All life on earth Would come to an end if there were no green plants.

Photosynthesis is considered as a process supporting all life on earth.

Chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts are called energy converters.

ATP is needed for the dark reaction.

Respiration is said to be the reversal of photosynthesis.

Differentiate Between:

Light reaction and Dark reaction.

Differentiate Between:

Stroma of chloroplast and Grana of chloroplast

Differentiate Between:

Chloroplast and Chlorophyll

Differentiate Between:

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs.

The figure below represents the vertical section of a leaf:

(i) Name the parts 1 to 5.
(ii) How many veins have been shown?
(iii) State the functions of parts 4 and 5.

(i) Identify the above diagram.
(ii) Label the guidelines 1-3.
(iii) Name the phenomenon which takes place in the above diagram.
(iv) Define the phenomenon.
(v) What is the importance of the above phenomenon?

The figure given below represents an experiment to demonstrate a particular aspect of photosynthesis. The alphabet ‘A’ represents a certain condition inside the flask.

(i) What is the aim of the experiment?
(ii) Identify the special condition inside the flask.
(iii) Name an alternative chemical that can be used instead of KOH.
(iv) In what manner do the leaves 1 and 2 differ at the end of the starch test?

The figure below represents an experiment performed to demonstrate a particular aspect of photosynthesis. The apparatus was kept in sunlight for almost the whole day. The numeral ‘1’ represents a certain condition inside the flask and the numeral ‘2’ represents a chemical responsible for this condition.
(i) What is the object of the experiment?
(ii) What is the special condition inside the flask?
(iii) What is the chemical substance numbered ‘2’?
(iv) In what way will the three leaves (A, B, and C) differ at the end of the experiment, when tested with iodine solution?

The figure below represents an experiment set up to study a physiological process in plants:

(i) Name the physiological process being studied.
(ii) Explain the process.
(iii) What is the aim of the experiment?
(iv) Give a well-balanced equation to represent the process.

The figure given below is for performing an experiment on photosynthesis.

Answer the following:
(i) What is the aim of this experiment?
(ii) Describe an experiment to show that light is necessary for photosynthesis.
(iii) What do you conclude from this experiment?
(iv) What is the role of light in photosynthesis?

A well-watered healthy potted plant with variegated leaves was kept in darkness for about 24 hours. It was then set up as shown in the diagram and exposed to light for about 12 hours. At the end of this time, leaf X and leaf Y were tested for starch. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Why was the plant initially kept in darkness for 24 hours?
(ii) What is the function of the sodium hydroxide solution in the flask?
(iii) Select the correct leaf from the five available choices shown in the diagram as A, B, C, D, and E. Rewrite the correct answer for the filling in the appropriate letter from the questions that follow:

1. After the starch test, leaf X would look like.
2. After the starch test, leaf Y would look like.

The diagram alongside refers to an experiment in which the apparatus was set up with the light source 10 cm away from the plant. After 15 minutes the number of bubbles evolved per minute from the cut stem was recorded. The light source was moved to 20 cm away from the plant, left for 15 minutes and the number of bubbles evolved per minute was again recorded. The experiment was repeated with the light source at distances of 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm away from the plant. Plot a graph for the results obtained and answer the following questions.

(i) From the graph it seems likely that the rate of bubbling per minute at 50 cm would have been
(a) 2.0 (b) 2.5 (c) 3.0 (d) 3.5
(ii) The gas produced by the plant during the experiment was
(a) air (b) oxygen (c) carbon dioxide (d) nitrogen (e) hydrogen
(iii)    The gas collected comes due to the breakdown of
(a) glucose (b) starch (c) water (d) air (e) ATP
(iv) If ice cubes were added to the water, the rate of bubble formation would
(a) Stay the same.
(b) Increase because more water is added.
(c) Decrease because the temperature drops.
(d) Decrease because water freezes.
(e) Cannot tell from the information given.
(v) If some sodium bicarbonate is added to the water the rate of bubble formation
(a) Increases because more respiration occurs.
(b) Increases because more photosynthesis occurs.
(c) Increases because the gas becomes less soluble.
(d) Decreases because carbon dioxide acts as a limiting factor.
(e) Decreases because respiration decreases.

 (i) Draw a neat and well-labelled diagram of the Chloroplast.
(ii) List the events taking place in the photo-chemical phase of Photosynthesis.
(iii) If you are planning an experiment to show the effect of light on photosynthesis :
(a) Will you select white light or green light? Justify your answer.
(b) Why would you select a destarched plant?

Draw a neat and well-labeled diagram of the Chloroplast.

Draw a neat and well-labeled diagram of the apparatus you would set up to show that oxygen is given out during photosynthesis.

Explain the Term ATP.

Explain the Term Calvin Cycle.

Explain the Term Free Energy.

Explain the Term NADPH.

Explain the term Plastoquinone.

Explain the term Photosynthesis.

Explain the term Photosynthetic Membrane.

Explain the term Phosphorylation.

Explain the term NADP.

Explain the term Photophosphorylation.

Explain the term Carbon cycle.

Name the following:

The process by which plants produce their food.

Name the following:

The green colouring matter of the plants.

Name the following:

The principal site in a green leaf for photosynthesis.

Name the following:

Source of oxygen given out in photosynthesis.

Name the following:

The site of light reaction in the cell of a leaf.

Name the following:

Light in which the maximum rate of photosynthesis takes place.

Name the following:

A high energy-reduced compound formed in the light reaction and enter into the dark reaction.

Name the following:

The immediate product of photosynthesis.

Name the following:

In-plant cells, carbohydrates are stored in which form.

Name the following:

The chemical substance used to test the presence of starch in the cell of a leaf.

Give technical term:

Name the process which is responsible for the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy that is essential to sustain life on this earth?

Give technical term:

Name the structure where photophosphorylation takes place.

Give technical term:

The form of energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis.

Give technical term:

In photosynthesis radiant energy is converted into which from?

Give technical term:

What is the percentage of CO₂ in the air?

Give technical term:

Organisms which cannot prepare their own food by photosynthesis.

Give technical term:

The main reaction which means the breaking up of water molecules through light.

Give technical term:

Which process is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms?

Give technical term:

Name only one plant, you are familiar with which has no chlorophyll.

Give technical term:

Name the tissue that transports manufactured starch from the leaves to all parts of the plant.

Give technical term:

What does ATP abbreviate for?

Give technical term:

What does NADP stand for?

Give technical term:

The part of the chloroplast where the dark reaction of photosynthesis takes place.

Give technical term:

Name the experiment to demonstrate the importance of light for photosynthesis.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

A light-induced reaction which leads to the splitting of water is _____ of water.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

A plant that does not perform photosynthesis is _______.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

One of the products of ______of water is oxygen.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

________ are regarded as complete photosynthetic units of plants.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

AIIP stands for ____________.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

________molecules of chlorophyll make one quantasome.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through _______.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

Xanthophyll is ______ coloured pigment.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

The conversion of the physical energy of light into chemical energy by the chloroplast is called ____________.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

Calvin cycle was proposed by __________.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

A dark reaction is a __________ reaction.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

A light reaction is a ___________ reaction.

Complete the following sentence with appropriate word:

4OH ——> _____ + O₂

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

 Photosynthesis occurs only in plants.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Too much light destroys chlorophyll.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

The unit of light absorbed by the chlorophyll during photosynthesis is the proton.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

The process of photosynthesis takes place in the dark.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

CO₂ is the life-supporting gas produced due to photosynthesis.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

PhotoLysis is the reaction which means the breaking up of water molecules.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Radiant energy is converted into chemical energy by photosynthesis.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Leaves are broad and flat to increase the surface area for photosynthesis.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

The raw materials for photosynthesis include water and CO₂.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Photosynthesis results in loss of dry weight of the plant.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Land plants obtain their CO₂ from the atmosphere.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Photosynthesis occurs in all the cells of a plant.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

No transpiration occurs during photosynthesis.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

A variegated leaf (one that has green as well as white patches) will only photosynthesize in the green areas.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

The dark reaction of Photosynthesis is light-independent.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

All the starch produced in a leaf remains stored in it for 2-3 weeks before it is used by other parts of a plant.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Photosynthesis can also occur n artificial light such as that of a 100-watt electric lamp.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

KOH absorbs CO₂.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Out of nine types of chlorophyll, chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ are most abundant.

State the Location: Thylakoid

State the Location: Stomata

State the location:

Chlorophyll

State the location:

Stroma

Write the functional activity of the following structure:
Granum

Write the functional activity of the following structure:
Stroma

Write the functional activity of the following structure:
Chloroplasts

Write the functional activity of the following structure:
Thylakoids

Choose the Odd One Out

Choose the Odd One Out

Choose the Odd One Out

Choose the Odd One Out

Choose the correct answer:
Chlorophyll is present

The specific function of light energy in the process of photosynthesis is to

Choose the Correct Answer:
Which one of the following would not be a limiting factor for photosynthesis?

Choose the correct answer:
A cell that lacks chloroplast does not ______________

Choose the Correct Answer:
Which would do maximum harm to a tree?

Choose the Correct Answer:
NADP is expanded as

Choose the Correct Answer:
A plant is kept in a dark cupboard for about 48 hours before conducting any experiment on photosynthesis to:

Choose the Correct Answer:
The main difference between chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ is:

Choose the Correct Answer:
Compensation point means the condition:

Column ‘II’ is a list of items related to ideas in Column ‘I’. Match the term in Column ‘II’ with the suitable idea given in Column ‘I’.