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Define an isolated system. - Chemistry

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प्रश्न

Define an isolated system.

परिभाषा

उत्तर

A system that does not allow the exchange of either energy or matter with the surroundings is called an isolated system.

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First Law of Thermodynamics
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अध्याय 4: Chemical Thermodynamics - Short answer questions (Type- II)

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एससीईआरटी महाराष्ट्र Chemistry [English] 12 Standard HSC
अध्याय 4 Chemical Thermodynamics
Short answer questions (Type- II) | Q 1.1

संबंधित प्रश्न

An electric heater supplies heat to a system at a rate of 100W. If the system performs work at a rate of 75 Joules per second. At what rate is the internal energy increasing?


Write the mathematical expression of the First Law of Thermodynamics for  Isothermal Process


When we heat an object, it expands. Is work done by the object in this process? Is heat given to the object equal to the increase in its internal energy?


The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of ____________ .


A thermally insulated, closed copper vessel contains water at 15°C. When the vessel is shaken vigorously for 15 minutes, the temperature rises to 17°C. The mass of the vessel is 100 g and that of the water is 200 g. The specific heat capacities of copper and water are 420 J kg−1 K−1 and 4200 J kg−1 K−1 respectively. Neglect any thermal expansion. (a) How much heat is transferred to the liquid-vessel system? (b) How much work has been done on this system? (c) How much is the increase in internal energy of the system?


Find the change in the internal energy of 2 kg of water as it is heated from 0°C to 4°C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg−1 K−1 and its densities at 0°C and 4°C are 999.9 kg m−3 and 1000 kg m−3 respectively. Atmospheric pressure = 105 Pa.


A solar cooker and a pressure cooker both are used to cook food. Treating them as thermodynamic systems, discuss the similarities and differences between them.


A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is enclosed in a rigid insulating cylinder. It is ignited by a spark. The temperature and pressure both increase considerably. Assume that the energy supplied by the spark is negligible, what conclusions may be drawn by application of the first law of thermodynamics?


Which of the following are TRUE for a reversible isothermal process?

(i) ∆U = 0

(ii) ∆H = 0

(iii) Q = W

(iv) ∆T = 0


The isothermal bulk modulus of a perfect gas at pressure P is numerically equal to ____________.


Change in internal energy, when 4 KJ of work is done on the system and 1 KJ heat is given out by the system, is:


An ideal gas undergoes four different processes from the same initial state (figure). Four processes are adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric and isochoric. Out of 1, 2, 3 and 4 which one is adiabatic.


Is it possible to increase the temperature of a gas without adding heat to it? Explain.


A cycle followed by an engine (made of one mole of an ideal gas in a cylinder with a piston) is shown in figure. Find heat exchanged by the engine, with the surroundings for each section of the cycle. (Cv = (3/2)R)

  1. AB : constant volume
  2. BC : constant pressure
  3. CD : adiabatic
  4. DA : constant pressure

The first law of thermodynamics is concerned with the conservation of ______.


In the reported figure, heat energy absorbed by a system in going through a cyclic process is ______ πJ.


An electric appliance supplies 6000 J/min heat to the system. If the system delivers a power of 90 W. How long it would take to increase the internal energy by 2.5 × 103 J?


A system is taken through a cyclic process represented by a circle as shown. The heat absorbed by the system is ______.

 


In an adiabatic process, W = ______.


Using the first law of thermodynamics, show that for an ideal gas, the difference between the molar specific heat capacities at constant pressure and at constant volume is equal to the molar gas constant R.


What is Isobaric process?


Show that the heat absorbed at constant pressure is equal to the change in enthalpy of the system.


Write a short note on isobar.


What is an isothermal process?


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