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प्रश्न
How soap is prepared?
उत्तर
Soaps are formed by heating fat or oil (i.e. glyceryl esters of fatty acids) with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. This reaction is called saponification.
During the process of hydrolysis esters of fatty acids are hydrolyzed and the soap is obtained in the colloidal form. It floats in solution as curd. It is precipited from the solution by adding sodium chloride.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain cationic detergents.
Why is bithional added to soap?
What is a soap ?
Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from Glyceryl palmitate . Structural formulae of the compounds are given below.
(C15H31COO)3C3H5 – Glyceryl palmitate
Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from glyceryl oleate . Structural formulae of the compounds are given below.
(C17H32COO)3C3H5 – Glyceryl oleate
Why do soaps not work in hard water?
Explain the cleansing action of soaps.
Explain the mechanism of cleansing action of soaps.
Write balanced chemical equations for the action of hydrogen bromide on styrene in the presence of a peroxide
Which of the following enhances leathering property of soap?
What is a soft soap?
If soap has high alkali content it irritates skin. How can the amount of excess alkali be determined? What can be the source of excess alkali?
What is the difference between bathing soap and washing soaps?
How are transparent soaps manufactured?
What are fillers and what role these fillers play in soap?
Match the soaps given in Column I with items given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Soap chips | (a) dried miniature soap bubbles |
| (ii) Soap granules | (b) small broken pieces of soap formed from melted soaps |
| (iii) Soap powder | (c) soap powder + abrasives + builders \[\ce{(Na2CO3,Na3PO4)}\] |
| (iv) Scouring soap | (d) soap powder + builders like \[\ce{Na2CO3}\] and \[\ce{Na3PO4}\] |
Match the detergents given in Column I with their uses given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
(i)  |
(a) Dishwashing powder |
(ii)  |
(b) Laundry soap |
| (iii) \[\ce{C17H33CO\overset{-}{O}\overset{+}{N}a + Na2CO3 + Rosin}\] | (c) Hair conditioners |
| (iv) \[\ce{CH3(CH2)16COO(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2OH}\] | (d) Toothpaste |
Assertion: Transparent soaps are made by dissolving soaps in ethanol.
Reason: Ethanol makes things invisible.
Assertion: Sodium chloride is added to precipitate soap after saponification.
Reason: Hydrolysis of esters of long-chain fatty acids by alkali produces soap in colloidal form.
Green chemistry in day-to-day life is in the use of ______.
Self-cleansing windows are example of the ______.
