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Roman Numerals
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Decimal Fractions
- Decimal Fractions
- The Decimal Number System
- Concept of Tenths, Hundredths and Thousandths in Decimal
- Concept of Place Value
- Use of Decimal Fraction
- Writing Half, Quarter, Three-quarters and One and a Quarter in Decimal Form
- Addition of Decimal Fraction
- Subtraction of Decimal Fraction
- Decimals Used for Measurement
Measuring Time
Problems on Measurement
Perimeter and Area
Three Dimensional Objects and Nets
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Preparation for Algebra
Decimals Used for Measurement
In our daily lives, we frequently measure distance, mass (weight), and volume using appropriate units. The most commonly used units for these measurements are:
- Distance: Kilometre (km), metre (m), and centimetre (cm).
- Volume: Litre (L) and millilitre (mL).
- Mass: Kilogram (kg) and gram (g).
All these units follow the decimal system of measurement:
- Metre (m) is the fundamental unit for measuring distance.
- Gram (g) serves as the fundamental unit for mass.
- Litre (L) is the fundamental unit for volume.
Larger units increase by a factor of 10 at each step, while smaller units decrease by a factor of 1/10 (one-tenth) at each step.
The following table illustrates these relationships:
| Quantity | Kilo (Thousand) | Hecto (Hundred) | Deca (Ten) | Basic Unit | Deci (Tenth) | Centi (Hundredth) | Milli (Thousandth) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distance | 1 kilometre = 1000 m | 1 hectometre = 100 m | 1 decametre = 10 m | Meter (m) | 1 decimetre = 1/10 m | 1 centimetre = 1/100 m | 1 millimetre = 1/1000 m |
| Mass | 1 kilogram = 1000 g | 1 hectogram = 100 g | 1 decagram = 10 g | Gram (g) | 1 decigram = 1/10 g | 1 centigram = 1/100 g | 1 milligram = 1/1000 g |
| Volume | 1 kilolitre = 1000 L | 1 hectolitre = 100 L | 1 decalitre = 10 L | Litre (L) | 1 decilitre = 1/10 L | 1 centilitre = 1/100 L | 1 millilitre = 1/1000 L |
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