Multiplication and Division

Multiplication and division are inverse operations, meaning if we multiply first and then divide by the same number, we return to the starting value.
Multiplication and division are two sides of the same mathematical concept of grouping and sharing.
Let's take an example to understand this relationship.

(1) A farmer brought 140 trays of chilli seedlings. Each tray had 24 seedlings. He planted all the seedlings in his field, putting 32 in a row. How many rows of chillies did he plant?
Ans: Let us find out the total number of seedlings when there were 24 seedlings in each of the 140 trays. We shall
multiply 140 and 24.
                               140
                            ×   24  
                               560           
                          + 2800  
                             3360
Total number of seedlings: 3,360. 
To determine how many rows were planted with 32 seedlings in each row, we shall divide 3,360 by 32. 
    105
`32")"overline(3360)`
  – 32       
     016    
    – 00    
       160
    – 160       
        000
32 seedlings in each row; we shall divide 3,360 by 32.
The quotient is 105.
Therefore, the number of rows is 105.
Carry out the multiplication of 105 × 32 and verify your answer.