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प्रश्न
Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.
उत्तर
The thyroid gland is butterfly-shaped, bilobed situated below the larynx on each side of the upper trachea. The two lobes are connected by a median tissue mass called isthmus. Each lobe is made up of many lobules. The lobules consist of follicles called acini. Each acinus is lined with glandular, cuboidal, or squamous epithelial cells.
The lumen of acini is filled with colloid, a thick glycoprotein mixture consisting of thyroglobulin molecules. The thyroid gland secretes Tri-iodothyronine (T3) and tetra-iodothyronine (T4) or thyroxine hormones. These are concerned with metabolism.
Structure of Thyroid gland
संबंधित प्रश्न
Diagrammatically indicate the location of the various endocrine glands in our body.
| Hormones | Target gland |
| Melanotrophin (MSH | ______ |
Give an example of a blood pressure lowering hormone.
Give an example of androgens.
What is the difference between an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?
Choose the odd one out from each series
The glands – thyroid, adrenal, pituitary, prostate
…………………………………………
Mention any two differences between a hormone and an enzyme.
Mention three important differences between the action of hormones and that of nerves in the regulatory mechanism of our body.
Which one of the following statement is true/ false?
The pituitary gland is both exocrine and endocrine in function.
Define the following:
Endocrine gland
Define the following:
Hypersecretion
Name the hormones secreted by the following glands:
(i) Anterior pituitary
(ii) Testes
(iii) Ovary
(iv) Adrenal cortex
(v) Pancreas
Name the hormone responsible for the following function:
Ossification of bones
Choose the correct answer:
An organ, tissue or cell where a hormone produces its effects is known as __________
Choose the correct answer:
Corpus luteum produces ____________
What is the chemical nature of hormone?
Which parts of the alimentary canal produce hormones?
Organs like the stomach and intestine are also endocrine glands. Why?
Differentiate: Gigantism and Acromegaly.
Name the Following: Hormone controls absorption of water from kidney tubules.
Give the Technical Term: What are the substances that control the growth and development in animals?
State the Location
Prostate gland
State the Function
Thyroxin
Choose the Odd One Out
Choose the Odd One Out
Choose the Odd One Out
Column ‘II’ is a list of items related to ideas in Column ‘I’. Match the term in Column ‘II’ with a suitable idea given in Column ‘I’.
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Pituitary | (a) produces male sex characteristics |
| (ii) Ovaries | (b) decreases blood sugar level |
| (iii) Thyroid | (c) increases heart and breathing rate raises blood pressure |
| (iv) Thymus | (d) produces female sex characteristics |
| (v) Adrenals | (e) is known as emergency hormone |
| (vi) Hypothalamus | (f) regulates the level of calcium and phosphorus |
| (vii) Pancreas | (g) increases the rate of metabolism |
| (viii) Testes | (h) maintains the level of calcium |
| (ix) Parathyroid | regulates the amount of water excreted in the urine. |
| (x) Cretinism | (j) simulates skeletal growth |
| (xi) Diabetes mellitus | (k) regulates the activities of other glands |
| (xii) Insulin shock | (l) stimulates the development of male and female sex organs |
| (xiii) Gigantism | (m) Shortage of glucose in the blood. |
| (xiv) Enlargement of breasts in adult males | (n) Over-secretion of growth hormone |
| (xv) Exophthalmic goiter | (o) Excess of glucose in the blood |
| (xvi) Acromegaly | (p) Over-secretion of thyroxin |
| (xvii) Addison’s disease | (q) Dwarfism and mental retardation |
| (xviii)Cretinism | (r) Over-secretion of cortical hormones |
| (xix) Dwarfism | (s) Under-secretion of the adrenal cortex |
| (xx) Adrenalin | (t) Under-secretion of thyroxin in children |
| (xxi) Vasopressin | (u) Over-secretion of growth hormones in adults |
Human chronic Gonadotropin:
Why do we hiccup and cough sometimes when we swallow food?
Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands?
Serum calcium level is regulated by ______.
Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct?
Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.
Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.
In humans, the life processes are controlled and regulated by ____________.
Define the following term:
Endocrine system
