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प्रश्न
Name and explain the technique used for separating DNA fragments and making them available for biotechnology experiments.
Name and describe the technique that helps in the separation and isolation of DNA fragments.
उत्तर
Gel electrophoresis is a technique which is used for separating DNA fragments in a gel on the basis of their electric charge and size.
The process of gel electrophoresis is as follows:
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The fragments obtained after cutting with restriction enzymes are separated by using gel electrophoresis.
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Electric field is applied to the agarose gel matrix and the negatively-charged DNA fragments move towards the anode.
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Fragments separate according to their size by the sieving properties of agarose gel. The smaller the fragment, the farther it moves.
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Staining dyes such as ethidium bromide, upon exposure to UV radiation, are used to visualise the DNA fragments.
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DNA fragments are visible as bright orange-coloured bands in the agarose matrix.
- These bands are cut from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece (elution).
- DNA fragments are purified and used in constructing recombinant DNAs
संबंधित प्रश्न
Rearrange the following in the correct sequence to accomplish an important biological reaction:
(a) In vitro synthesis of copies of DNA of interest
(b) Chemically synthesized oligonucleotides
(c) Enzyme DNA-polymerase
(d) Complementary region of DNA
(e) Genomic DNA template
(f) Nucleotides provided
(g) Primers
(h) Thermostable DNA-polymerase (from Thermus aquaticus)
(i) Denaturation of ds-DNA
Give one significant difference between:
Electroporation and Gene Gun.
Enlist and write in brief about the different biological tools required in rDNA technology.
For which of the following purpose restriction endonuclease enzyme is used in genetic engineering?
Which of the following is NOT involved in genetic engineering technique?
i. Combining genes from two organisms
ii. Gene cloning
iii. Transfer of lipid molecules
iv. Transfer of genes to new organisms
v. Repairing or replacing the defective genes by healthy genes
vi. Artificial synthesis of new gene
The rDNA technology has provided a method to control the nematode parasite Meloidogyne incognita. Explain the principle involved in this technique.
Which of the following statements is correct with respect to cellular respiration?
Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR?
The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a viral vector is termed as ______.
What would happen when one grows a recombinant bacterium in a bioreactor but forget to add antibiotic to the medium in which the recombinant is growing?
Annealing step of PCR operates at ______ °C.
Name the plant disease caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
The PCR technique is used for ______.
The polymerase chain reaction is a powerful technique to ______.
Name the enzymes that are called molecular scissors.
In vitro amplification of DNA segments is called______.
Expand YAC used in the field of Biotechnology.
Name the source of thermostable DNA polymerase.
Suneeta is planning an experiment to clone a gene in a vector. So, she has to choose a good cloning vector.
Which one of the vectors shown below should she choose? Justify your answer by giving two reasons.
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| Vector A | Vector B | Vector C |
