SCERT Maharashtra solutions for Chemistry [English] 12 Standard HSC chapter 10 - Halogen Derivatives [Latest edition]

The type of mono halogen derivative in which a halogen atom is bonded to sp³ hybridized carbon atom next to carbon-carbon double bond is ______________

Aromatic electrophilic substitution with iodine can be carried out using _____________

For the isomeric dihalobenzenes, melting point of __________

Optical activity of a molecule is associated with _______________

Propane nitrile can be prepared by heating ____________

The following will react faster by S_N1 mechanism

Major product of the following reaction is _______________

\[\ce{CH3-CH2-Mg-Br + NH3 ->?}\]

Write the IUPAC name of the following.

Write the major product of the following reaction.

Write the correct decreasing order of boiling point for bromomethane, chloroform, dibromomethane and bromoform.

Write IUPAC name of the product ‘B’ in the following reaction sequence.

\[\ce{C2H5OH ->[NaBr/H2SO4][\Delta] A ->[Nal][acetone]B}\]

Nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene is faster than p-nitrochlorobenzene. Give reason.

Name the reagent used to convert alkyl halide to ester.

Write the correct order of increasing ease of dehydrohalogenation.

\[\ce{\underset{\text{(I)}}{CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - Cl}}\]

\[\ce{\underset{\text{(II)}}{CH3 - CH(Cl) - CH3}}\]

\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\\
|\\
\ce{CH3-C-Cl}\phantom{...}\\
|\\
\ce{CH3}\\
\ce{(III)}
\end{array}\]

Explain. Aryl halides are less reactive than alkyl halides towards nucleophilic substitution reactions.

Explain reactions of haloarenes with sodium metal.

Give reason. Though alkyl halides are moderately polar, they are insoluble in water.

Explain optical activity of 2-chlorobutane

Distinguish between S_N1 and S_N2 mechanism of substitution reaction.

Explain primary benzylic halide shows higher reactivity by S_N1 mechanism than other primary alkyl halide.

Explain the factors affecting S_N1 and S_N2 mechanism.

Explain aqueous alkaline hydrolysis of tert. butyl bromide.

How are the following conversions carried out?

propene to 1-iodopropane

How are the following conversions carried out?

propene to 2-nitropropane

How are the following conversions carried out?

benzene to biphenyl

What is Grignard reagent? How is it prepared? Why are they prepared under anhydrous condition?

Write chemical equations indicating the action of following on bromobenzene.

CH₃COCl/anhy. AlCl₃

Write chemical equations indicating the action of following on bromobenzene.

fuming H₂SO₄

Write chemical equations indicating the action of following on bromobenzene.

conc. HNO₃/conc. H₂SO₄

An organic compound A with molecular formula C₄H₁₀O on treatment with phosphorus pentachloride gives alkyl chloride. Alkyl chloride on treatment with Mg in presence of dry ether gives a highly reactive compound B.
Compound B reacts with water to give hydrocarbon C. Alkyl chloride on treatment with Na in dry ether as a solvent gives alkane, 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane. Identify ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’

Write the equations for the preparation of ethyl chloride using

1. Hydrogen halide
2. ethene
3. Thionyl chloride

Which of these methods is preferred and why?

What is dehydrohalogenation? State the rule for the formation of the preferred product of dehydrohalogenation.

Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following alkyl halide.

1. 2-chloro-2-methylbutane
2. 3-bromo-2,2,3-trimethylpentane

Observe the following compounds and answer the questions given below.

      (I)

\[\ce{\underset{\text{(II)}}{CH3 - CH2 - Br}}\]

1. Identify the type of halides.
2. Explain the nature of the C – Br bond in both of these halides.
3. Which of these compounds will undergo aqueous alkaline hydrolysis readily? Write the reaction in support of your answer.