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Question
Explain on the basis of valence bond theory that [Ni(CN)4]2− ion with square planar structure is diamagnetic and the [NiCl4]2− ion with tetrahedral geometry is paramagnetic.
Solution
| [Ni(CN)4]2− | Ni(28): 4s23d8 |
| Ni2+(28): 4s03d8 |
CN− is a strong field ligand, so it causes the pairing of electrons.
It is diamagnetic due to the absence of unpaired electrons.
In [NiCl4]2−, Cl− is a weak field ligand, so it does not cause electron pairing.
It is paramagnetic due to the presence of unpaired electrons.
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