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Question
While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
Solution
The ortho and para isomers can be separated by steam distillation. o-Nitrophenol is steam volatile due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding, while p-nitrophenol is less volatile due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which causes the association of molecules.
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