Science Delhi Set 1 2012-2013 English Medium Class 10 Question Paper Solution

Write the number of vertical columns in the modern periodic table. What are these columns called?

Explain the following:- Speciation

Why should biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes be discarded in two separate dustbins?

“The chromosomes number of the sexually reproducing parents and their offspring is the same.” Justify this statement. 

“A ray of light incident on a rectangular glass slab immersed in any medium emerges parallel to itself.” Draw labelled ray diagram to justify the statement. 

We often observe domestic waste decomposing in the bylanes of our homes. List four ways to make the residents aware that the improper disposal of wastes is harmful to the environment and also for their own health.

List two advantages associated with water harvesting at the community level.

Write the name and structural formula of the compound obtained when ethanol is heated at 443 K with excess of conc. H₂SO₄. Also write chemical equation for the reaction stating the role of conc. H₂SO₄ in it.

Why homologous series of carbon compounds are so called? Write chemical formula of two consecutive members of a homologous series and state the part of these compounds that determines their (i) physical properties, and (ii) chemical properties.

Given below are some elements of the modern periodic table. Atomic number of the element is given in parentheses.

A(4), B(9), C(14), D(19), E(20)

(a) Select the element that has one electron in the outermost shell. Also, write the electronic configuration of this element.

(b) Which two elements amongst these belong to the same group? Give reasons for your answer.

(c) Which two elements amongst these belong to the same period? Which one of the two has bigger atomic radius?

Write the number of periods the Modern Periodic Table has. State the changes in valency and metallic character of elements as we move from left to right in a period. Also state the changes, if any, in the valency and atomic size of elements as we move down a group.

Explain the process of regeneration in Planaria.

How the process of regeneration in Planaria process different from reproduction?

Write two examples of sexually transmitted diseases caused by virus.

Write two examples of sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteri.

Explain how the transmission of virus and bacteria diseases be prevented?

List three distinguishing features, in tabular form, between acquired traits and the inherited traits.

"The sex of a newborn child is a matter of chance and none of the parents may be considered responsible for it". Draw a flow chart showing determination of sex of a newborn to justify this statement.

Mention the types of mirrors used as (i) rear view mirrors, (ii) shaving mirrors. List two reasons to justify your answers in each case.

An object of height 6 cm is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave lens of focal length 5 cm. Use lens formula to determine the position, size and nature of the image if the distance of the object from the lens is 10 cm. 

State the difference in colours of the sun observed during sunrise/sunset and noon. Give explanation for each.

What is an ecosystem ?

List two main components of ecosystem?

We do not clean natural ponds or lakes but an aquarium needs to be cleaned regularly. Why is it so ? Explain.

Define the term ‘isomers’.

Draw two possible isomers of the compound with molecular formula C₃H₆O and write their names.

Give the electron dot structures of the above two compounds.

List three distinguish features between sexual and asexual types of reproduction, in tabular form.

Explain why variations are observed in the offsprings of sexually reproducing organisms?

(a) Identify A, B and C in the given diagram and write their functions.

(b) Mention the role of gamete and zygote in sexually reproducing organisms.

State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term 'absolute refractive index of a medium' and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.

The refractive indices of water and glass with respect to air are 4/3 and 3/2 respectively. If the speed of light in glass is 2 × 10⁸ms⁻¹, find the speed of light in (i) air, (ii) water.

A person cannot read newspaper placed nearer than 50 cm from his eyes. Name the defect of vision he is suffering from. Draw a ray diagram to illustrate this defect. List its two possible causes. Draw a ray diagram to show how this defect may be corrected using a lens of appropriate focal length.

We see advertisements for eye donation on television or in newspapers. Write the importance of such advertisements.

A student takes 2 mL acetic acid in a dry test tube and adds a pinch of sodium hydrogen carbonate to it. He makes the following observations:

I. A colourless and odourless gas evolves with a brisk effervescence.

II. The gas turns lime water milky when passed through it.

III. The gas burns with an explosion when a burning splinter is brought near it.

IV. The gas extinguishes the burning splinter that is brought near it.

The correct observations are:

(A) I, II, and III

(B) II, III and IV

(C) III, IV and I

(D) IV, I and II

In an experiment to study the properties of acetic acid a student takes about 2 mL of acetic acid in a dry test tube. He adds about 2 mL of water to it and shakes the test tube well. He is likely to observe that:

(A) the acetic acid dissolves readily in water

(B) the solution becomes light orange

(C) water floats over the surface of acetic acid

(D) acetic acid floats over the surface of water

A student prepared 20% sodium hydroxide solution in a beaker containing water. The observations noted by him are given below. 

I. Sodium hydroxide is in the form of pellets.

II. It dissolves in water readily.

III. The beaker appears cold when touched from outside.

IV. The red litmus paper turns blue when dipped into the solution.

The correct observations are:

(A) I, II, and III

(B) II, III and IV

(C) III, IV and I

(D) I, II and IV

Read the following statements: 

I. When a red litmus paper is dipped into reaction mixture of a saponification reaction, it turns blue and the reaction is exothermic.

II. When a blue litmus paper is dipped into reaction mixture of a saponification reaction, its colour does not change and the reaction is exothermic.

III. When a red litmus paper is dipped into reaction mixture of a saponification reaction, its colour does not change and the reaction is endothermic.

IV. When a blue litmus paper is dipped into reaction mixture of a saponification reaction, its colour does not change and the reaction is endothermic.

Which of the above statements are correct:

(A) I, and II

(B) II and III

(C) III and IV

(D) I and IV

Hard water required for an experiment is not available in a school laboratory. However, following salts are available in the laboratory. Select the salts which may be dissolved in water to make it hard for the experiment.

(A) 1, 2 and 4

(B) 1, 3 and 6

(C) 3, 5 and 6

(D) 2, 4 and 5

A student focussed the image of a distant object using a device ‘X’ on a white screen ‘S’ as shown in the figure. If the distance of the screen from the device is 40 cm, select the correct statement about the device.

(A) The device X is a convex lens of focal length 20 cm.

(B) The device X is a concave mirror of focal length 40 cm.

(C) The device X is a convex mirror of radius of curvature 40 cm.

(D) The device X is a convex lens of focal length 40 cm.

A student obtained a sharp image of a burning candle, placed at the farther end of a laboratory table, on a screen using a concave mirror. For getting better value of focal length of the mirror, the subject teacher suggested him for focusing a well illuminated distant object. What should the student do?

(A) He should move the mirror away from the screen.

(B) He should move the mirror slightly towards the screen.

(C) He should move the mirror as well as the screen towards the newly selected object.

(D) He should move only the screen towards the newly selected object.

After tracing the path of rays of light through a glass slab for three different angles of incidence, a student measured the corresponding values angle of refraction r and angle of emergence e and recorded them in the table given below: 

The correct observations are:

(A) I and II

(B) II and III

(C) I and III

(D) I, II and III

Select from the following the best set-up for tracing the path of a ray of light through a rectangular glass slab: 

(A) I

(B) II

(C) III

(D) IV

While performing the experiment to trace the path of a ray of light passing through a glass prism, four students marked the incident ray and the emergent ray in their diagrams in the manner shown below. 

(A) I

(B) II

(C) III

(D) IV

In an experiment to trace the path of a ray of light through a glass prism for different values of angle of incidence a student would find that the emergent ray: 

(A) is parallel to the incident ray

(B) perpendicular to the incident ray

(C) is parallel to the refracted ray

(D) bends at an angle to the direction of incident ray

The diagrams showing the correct path of the ray after passing through the lens are:

I	II
III	IV

II and III only

I and II only

I, II and III

I, II and IV

Out of the five incident rays shown in the figure find the three rays that are obeying the laws of refraction and may be used for locating the position of image formed by a convex lens:

(A) 1, 2 and 3

(B) 2, 3 and 4

(C) 3, 4 and 5

(D) 1, 2 and 4

A student after observing a slide showing different stages of binary fission in Amoeba draws the following diagrams. However these diagrams are not in proper sequence:

The correct sequence is:

(A) I, V, IV, III, II

(B) I, III, IV, V, II

(C) I, V, III, IV, II

(D) I, IV, V, III, II

Select the correct statements for the process of budding in yeast:

I. A bud arises from a particular region on a parent body.

II. A parent cell divides into two daughter cells, here the parental identity is lost.

III. Before detaching from the parent body a bud may form another bud.

IV. A bud when detaches from the parent body grows into a new individual.

(A) I, II and III

(B) II, III and IV

(C) III, IV and I

(D) IV, I and II

Study the different conclusions drawn by students of a class on the basis of observations of preserved/available specimens of plants and animals.

I. Potato and sweet potato are analogous organs in plants.

II. Wings of insects and wings of birds are homologous organs in animals.

III. Wings of insects and wings of bats are analogous organs in animals.

IV. Thorns of citrus and tendrils of cucurbita are analogous organs in plants.

The correct conclusions are:

(A) I, and II

(B) II and IV

(C) I and III

(D) III and IV

You have potato, carrot, radish, sweet potato, tomato and ginger bought from the market in your jute bag. Identify two vegetables to represent the correct homologous structures.

(A) Potato and tomato

(B) Carrot and tomato

(C) Potato and sweet potato

(D) Carrot and radish

In the figure, the parts marked A, B and C are sequentially:

(A) Plumule, Radicle and Cotyledon

(B) Radicle, Plumule and Cotyledon

(C) Plumule, Cotyledon and Radicle

(D) Radicle, Cotyledon and Plumule