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प्रश्न
Discuss Maslow’s Need Hierarchy theory of motivation.
उत्तर
Maslow’s Need Hierarchy theory provides an understanding of the complex phenomenon of motivation. According to Maslow, within each individual there exists a set of five needs that can be arranged in a hierarchy. Knowledge of these needs helps the manager in understanding the behaviour of employees. With identification of the needs of the employees, appropriate motivation can be provided to them.
Assumptions
Maslow’s theory is based on the following assumptions.
(i) People’s need influences their behaviour.
(ii) Needs of the individuals can be arranged in a hierarchical order.
(iii) An individual can move to a higher level need only when the lower level need in the hierarchy is satisfied.
(iv) Once a need is satisfied, an individual can be motivated only through the next higher level need.
Theory
The following is the hierarchy of needs as given by Maslow.
1. Physiological Needs: Such needs comprise of essential requirements for sustenance of life. They are at the top of the hierarchy. The fulfilment of these needs is necessary for survival. For example, food, clothing, shelter are physiological needs. An employee requires a certain basic salary for the satisfaction of these needs.
2. Security Needs: These needs relate to physical and economic security and well being. For example, an employee desires job security, income stability, etc.
3. Belongingness Needs: Such needs comprise of the social needs of an individual such as affection, acceptance, companionship, etc. as every individual yearns for social acceptance and belongingness.
4. Esteem Needs: These needs include such elements as respect, dignity, recognition, etc. as every individual wants to command respect and acknowledgement in the peer group.
5. Self-Actualisation Needs: This need refers to achieving what one aims or aspires. It is the highest level need in hierarchy. For an employee such needs relate to growth, work satisfaction, etc.
Maslow’s theory is widely appreciated and is used as basis for motivation by the managers. However, sometimes it can happen that needs of an individual do not follow the exact order of hierarchy. Nevertheless an understanding of the needs as given by Maslow helps the managers in practicing efficient motivation.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Kavya is working in a company on the permanent basis. As per the job agreement she had to work for 8 hours a day and was free to work overtime. Kavya worked overtime. But even after working for long hours and putting in her best efforts, no recognition was given to her by her boss. Due to overtime she fell ill and had to take leave from her work. No one showed concern and enquired about her health. She realised that she was fulfilling only some of her needs while some other needs still remained to be fulfilled.
1) Identify and explain the needs of Kavya discussed in the above para, by quoting the lines.
2) Also explain two other needs of Kavya followed by the above needs, which still remained to be satisfied
Answer the question.
Explain Maslow’s theory.
Answer briefly the following questions:
Briefly explain the two types of esteem needs, as per the human needs stated by Maslow.
Answer the following question:
Explain self-actualization need as given by Maslow.
With the help of a diagram, explain the hierarchy of needs as given by Ma slow.
What is the basic idea behind Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? Explain with suitable examples.
The highest level need in the need Hierarchy of Abraham Maslow
______ needs comprise of essential requirements for sustenance of life.
Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:
Mr. Sunil Diali is a safety officer in a reputed PSU sector ECL. He supervises the workers towards the predetermined goals of the organisation and directs how to eradicate unsafe practices of inundation, fire breakouts, existence of inflammable gases, etc. On one such instances there was huge fire breakout in the underground mines and the workers morale was down and demotivated because of several risk hazards. Mr. Diali observed the whole situation and consulted with all his workers and constantly monitored, guided and inspired them to integrate their efforts and accept the situation as a challenge and take adequate safety measures for fire extinguish and subsidizing its effects. Thereby, production turnover was outstanding and outperformed other subsidiaries. Mr. Diali was recognized with Bravery Award from CIL.
Under Maslow' s hierarchy need theory which need of Mr. Diali has been met through respect and recognition among other employees?
Which of the following Maslow's needs include factors such as self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention?
Which of the following Maslow' s needs refer to affection, sense of belongingness, acceptance and friendship?
Which of the following Maslow's need includes factors such as self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention?
State the assumptions of ‘Maslow’s Need hierarchy Theory of motivation'.
As per Maslow’s classification of Human Needs, safety needs consist of physical safety and ______ safety.
