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Question
Arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character giving reason.
\[\ce{N - H, F - H, C - H}\] and \[\ce{O - H}\]
Solution
The ionic character in a molecular species is decided by the electronegativity difference between the two bonded atoms. Greater the electronegativity difference between two bonded pairs, the greater will be the ionic character.
The electronegativity difference of the given species is:
\[\ce{C - F = (2.5 - 2.1) = 0.4}\]
\[\ce{N - H = (3.0 - 2.1) = 0.9}\]
\[\ce{O - H = (3.5 - 2.1) = 1.4}\]
\[\ce{F - H = (4.0 - 2.1) = 1.9 }\]
To the above given difference in the electronegativities, the order of increasing ionic character is:
\[\ce{C - H < N - H < O - H < F - H}\]
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