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Question
Explain the following reaction:
Cannizzaro reaction
Solution
Aldehydes which do not have an α-hydrogen atom, undergo self oxidation and reduction (disproportionation) reaction on heating with concentrated alkali. In this reaction, one molecule of the aldehyde is reduced to alcohol while another is oxidised to carboxylic acid salt.
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\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{...}\ce{CH3} \\
| \\
\phantom{.................}\ce{CH3-CH-COOH ->[(i) Br2/Red P4][(ii)H2O]}
\end{array}\]
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\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{D}\phantom{........................}\\
|\phantom{.........................}\\
\ce{2D - C = O + OH^- ->[Cannizzaro] X and Y}
\end{array}\]
(Y is alcohol, D is deuterium)
X and Y will have the structure:
