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Question
Explain the following reactions:
Wolff Kishner reduction
Solution
In this reaction, the reduction of carbonyl compounds to hydrocarbons takes place by heating them with hydrazine and a base to form hydrazine which is further reduced to form a methylene group along with nitrogen gas.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{..}\ce{R}\phantom{.........................}\ce{R}\phantom{.......................}\ce{R}\phantom{................}\\
\phantom{..}\backslash\phantom{.........................}\backslash\phantom{........................}\backslash\phantom{.............}\\
\phantom{....}\ce{C = \underset{Hydrazine}{O + H2N - NH2} -> C = N - NH2 ->[glycol + KOH][180°C] CH2 + N2(g)}\\
\phantom{..}/\phantom{.........................}/\phantom{........................}/\phantom{.............}\\
\phantom{.........}\ce{\underset{Carbonyl compound}{R'}}\phantom{..................}\ce{R'}\phantom{...................}\ce{\underset{Hydrocarbon}{R'}}\phantom{........................}
\end{array}\]
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