Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{a^x + a^{- x} - 2}{x^2}\]
Solution
\[ = \lim_{x \to 0} \left[ \frac{\left( a^\frac{x}{2} \right)^2 + \left( a^{- \frac{x}{2}} \right)^2 - 2 a^\frac{x}{2} \cdot a^{- \frac{x}{2}}}{x^2} \right]\]
\[ = \lim_{x \to 0} \left[ \frac{\left( a^\frac{x}{2} - a^{- \frac{x}{2}} \right)^2}{x^2} \right]\]
\[ = \lim_{x \to 0} \left[ \frac{\left( a^\frac{x}{2} - \frac{1}{a^\frac{x}{2}} \right)^2}{x^2} \right]\]
\[ = \lim_{x \to 0} \left[ \frac{\left( a^x - 1 \right)^2}{x^2} \times \frac{1}{\left( a^\frac{x}{2} \right)^2} \right]\]
\[ = \lim_{x \to 0} \left[ \left( \frac{a^x - 1}{x} \right)^2 \times \frac{1}{a^x} \right]\]
\[ = \frac{\left( \log a \right)^2}{a^0}\]
\[ = \left( \log a \right)^2\]
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Evaluate `lim_(x -> 0) f(x)` where `f(x) = { (|x|/x, x != 0),(0, x = 0):}`
Let a1, a2,..., an be fixed real numbers and define a function f ( x) = ( x − a1 ) ( x − a2 )...( x − an ).
What is `lim_(x -> a_1) f(x)` ? For some a ≠ a1, a2, ..., an, compute `lim_(x -> a) f(x)`
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sqrt{1 + x + x^2} - 1}{x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sqrt{a^2 + x^2} - a}{x^2}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sqrt{1 + x} - \sqrt{1 - x}}{2x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{x}{\sqrt{1 + x} - \sqrt{1 - x}}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\sqrt{5x - 4} - \sqrt{x}}{x^2 - 1}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sqrt{1 + x} - 1}{x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 7} \frac{4 - \sqrt{9 + x}}{1 - \sqrt{8 - x}}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\sqrt{5x - 4} - \sqrt{x}}{x^3 - 1}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\left( 2x - 3 \right) \left( \sqrt{x} - 1 \right)}{3 x^2 + 3x - 6}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 1} \frac{ x^2 - \sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x} - 1}\]
\[\lim_{h \to 0} \frac{\sqrt{x + h} - \sqrt{x}}{h}, x \neq 0\]
\[\lim_{x \to \sqrt{6}} \frac{\sqrt{5 + 2x} - \left( \sqrt{3} + \sqrt{2} \right)}{x^2 - 6}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{5^x - 1}{\sqrt{4 + x} - 2}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\log \left( 1 + x \right)}{3^x - 1}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{9^x - 2 . 6^x + 4^x}{x^2}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{8^x - 4^x - 2^x + 1}{x^2}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{a^{mx} - b^{nx}}{\sin kx}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin 2x}{e^x - 1}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{e^{2x} - e^x}{\sin 2x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\log \left( a + x \right) - \log \left( a - x \right)}{x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\log \left( 2 + x \right) + \log 0 . 5}{x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{e^{3 + x} - \sin x - e^3}{x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{e^{3x} - e^{2x}}{x}\]
`\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{e^\tan x - 1}{\tan x}`
\[\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{x\left( e^x - 1 \right)}{1 - \cos x}\]
\[\lim_{x \to \pi/2} \frac{2^{- \cos x} - 1}{x\left( x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}\]
\[\lim_{x \to \infty} \left\{ \frac{x^2 + 2x + 3}{2 x^2 + x + 5} \right\}^\frac{3x - 2}{3x + 2}\]
\[\lim_{x \to a} \left\{ \frac{\sin x}{\sin a} \right\}^\frac{1}{x - a}\]
\[\lim_{x \to a} \left\{ \frac{\sin x}{\sin a} \right\}^\frac{1}{x - a}\]
Write the value of \[\lim_{x \to - \infty} \left( 3x + \sqrt{9 x^2 - x} \right) .\]
