Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
If y = f (u) is a differential function of u and u = g(x) is a differential function of x, then prove that y = f [g(x)] is a differential function of x and `dy/dx=dy/(du) xx (du)/dx`
Solution
Let δx be a small increment in the value of x.
Since u is a function of x, there should be a corresponding increment u in the value of u.
Also y is a function of u.
there should be a corresponding increment δy in the value of y.
Consider,
`(deltay)/(deltax)=(deltay)/(deltau)xx(deltau)/(deltax)`
Taking `lim_(deltax->0)` on both sides, we get
`lim_(deltax->0)(deltay)/(deltax)=lim_(deltax->0)(deltay)/(deltau)xxlim_(deltax->0)(deltau)/(deltax) [because deltax->0,deltau->0]`
`lim_(deltax->0)(deltay)/(deltax)=lim_(deltau->0)(deltay)/(deltau)xxlim_(deltax->0)(deltau)/(deltax) ....(i)`
`But lim_(deltax->0)(deltau)/(deltax)=(du)/(dx) "exists and is finite."`
`also lim_(deltau->0)(deltay)/(deltau)=(dy)/(du)`
limits on R.H.S. of (i) exist and are finite.
Hence, limits on L.H.S. should also exist and be finite
`lim_(deltax->0)(deltay)/(deltax)=dy/dx " exisit and finite"`
`(dy)/(dx)=(dy)/(du)xx(du)/(dx)`
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
A balloon, which always remains spherical on inflation, is being inflated by pumping in 900 cubic centimetres of gas per second. Find the rate at which the radius of the balloon increases when the radius is 15 cm.
Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12 cm3/s. The falling sand forms a cone on the ground in such a way that the height of the cone is always one-sixth of the radius of the base. How fast is the height of the sand cone increasing when the height is 4 cm?
The total revenue in rupees received from the sale of x units of a product is given by R(x) = 13x2 + 26x + 15. Find the marginal revenue when x = 7.
The sum of the perimeter of a circle and square is k, where k is some constant. Prove that the sum of their areas is least when the side of square is double the radius of the circle.
The volume of a sphere is increasing at the rate of 3 cubic centimeter per second. Find the rate of increase of its surface area, when the radius is 2 cm
The total cost C(x) associated with the production of x units of an item is given by C(x) = 0.005x3 – 0.02x2 + 30x + 5000. Find the marginal cost when 3 units are produced, whereby marginal cost we mean the instantaneous rate of change of total cost at any level of output.
Find the rate of change of the volume of a sphere with respect to its diameter ?
Find the rate of change of the area of a circular disc with respect to its circumference when the radius is 3 cm ?
Find the rate of change of the volume of a cone with respect to the radius of its base ?
A man 160 cm tall, walks away from a source of light situated at the top of a pole 6 m high, at the rate of 1.1 m/sec. How fast is the length of his shadow increasing when he is 1 m away from the pole?
A man 180 cm tall walks at a rate of 2 m/sec. away, from a source of light that is 9 m above the ground. How fast is the length of his shadow increasing when he is 3 m away from the base of light?
A particle moves along the curve y = x2 + 2x. At what point(s) on the curve are the x and y coordinates of the particle changing at the same rate?
A particle moves along the curve y = x3. Find the points on the curve at which the y-coordinate changes three times more rapidly than the x-coordinate.
Find an angle θ which increases twice as fast as its cosine ?
The top of a ladder 6 metres long is resting against a vertical wall on a level pavement, when the ladder begins to slide outwards. At the moment when the foot of the ladder is 4 metres from the wall, it is sliding away from the wall at the rate of 0.5 m/sec. How fast is the top-sliding downwards at this instance?
How far is the foot from the wall when it and the top are moving at the same rate?
Water is running into an inverted cone at the rate of π cubic metres per minute. The height of the cone is 10 metres, and the radius of its base is 5 m. How fast the water level is rising when the water stands 7.5 m below the base.
A kite is 120 m high and 130 m of string is out. If the kite is moving away horizontally at the rate of 52 m/sec, find the rate at which the string is being paid out.
A particle moves along the curve y = (2/3)x3 + 1. Find the points on the curve at which the y-coordinate is changing twice as fast as the x-coordinate ?
Find the point on the curve y2 = 8x for which the abscissa and ordinate change at the same rate ?
A circular disc of radius 3 cm is being heated. Due to expansion, its radius increases at the rate of 0.05 cm/sec. Find the rate at which its area is increasing when radius is 3.2 cm.
Find the surface area of a sphere when its volume is changing at the same rate as its radius ?
The amount of pollution content added in air in a city due to x diesel vehicles is given by P(x) = 0.005x3 + 0.02x2 + 30x. Find the marginal increase in pollution content when 3 diesel vehicles are added and write which value is indicated in the above questions ?
If \[V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3\] , at what rate in cubic units is V increasing when r = 10 and \[\frac{dr}{dt} = 0 . 01\] ? _________________
Side of an equilateral triangle expands at the rate of 2 cm/sec. The rate of increase of its area when each side is 10 cm is
A cone whose height is always equal to its diameter is increasing in volume at the rate of 40 cm3/sec. At what rate is the radius increasing when its circular base area is 1 m2?
If the rate of change of volume of a sphere is equal to the rate of change of its radius, then its radius is equal to
The equation of motion of a particle is s = 2t2 + sin 2t, where s is in metres and t is in seconds. The velocity of the particle when its acceleration is 2 m/sec2, is
Find the rate of change of the area of a circle with respect to its radius r when r = 4 cm.
The rate of change of volume of a sphere with respect to its surface area, when the radius is 2 cm, is ______.
A kite is moving horizontally at a height of 151.5 meters. If the speed of kite is 10 m/s, how fast is the string being let out; when the kite is 250 m away from the boy who is flying the kite? The height of boy is 1.5 m.
A swimming pool is to be drained for cleaning. If L represents the number of litres of water in the pool t seconds after the pool has been plugged off to drain and L = 200 (10 – t)2. How fast is the water running out at the end of 5 seconds? What is the average rate at which the water flows out during the first 5 seconds?
The volume of a cube increases at a constant rate. Prove that the increase in its surface area varies inversely as the length of the side
Total revenue in rupees received from the sale of x units of a product is given by R(x)= 3x2+ 36x + 5. The marginal revenue, when x = 15 is ____________.
A ladder 5 m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled along the ground, away from the wall, at the rate of 2 cm/s. How fast is its height on the wall decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 4 m away from the wall?
A spherical balloon is filled with 4500π cubic meters of helium gas. If a leak in the balloon causes the gas to escape at the rate of 72π cubic meters per minute, then the rate (in meters per minute) at which the radius of the balloon decreases 49 minutes after the leakage began is ______.
Given that `1/y + 1/x = 1/12` and y decreases at a rate of 1 cms–1, find the rate of change of x when x = 5 cm and y = 1 cm.
