Psychology Set 4 2022-2023 Commerce (English Medium) Class 12 Question Paper Solution

Vijay's parents are confused as to what subjects should he choose in Grade 11. To know where his strengths lie, the School Counsellor suggested that he take an aptitude test. What form of aptitude test do you think would be given to him?

Independent

Specialised

Generalised

Vocational

There are some people who are hostile, egocentric and antisocial. They are said to be high on ______.

Sociability

Psychoticism

Neuroticism

Introversion

The self that values family and social relationships is referred to as:

1. Personal
2. Social
3. Familial
4. Relational

(i) and (iii)

(ii) and (iii)

(iii) and (iv)

(i) and (iv)

Some traits often get associated strongly with the name of the person and derive such identities as the 'Gandhian' or 'Hitlerian' trait.

Central

Secondary

Surface

Cardinal

Which of the following statement is not true about coping with stress?

1. Coping is a dynamic situation-specific reaction to stress.
2. It is a set of concrete responses to stressful situations or events that are intended to resolve the problem and reduce stress.
3. People who cope poorly with stress have high level of natural killer cell cytotoxicity.
4. Individuals show similarity in coping strategies that they use to deal with stressful situations.

(ii), (iii) and (iv)

(iii) only

(ii) and (iii)

(i) and (ii)

Meena's work environment is highly stressful due to unrealistic expectations by the organisation. She had been trying to balance her job as well as her home front. Since the last few months, she was not feeling well. So, she went for a check-up and was diagnosed with high blood pressure. According to General Adaptation Syndrome, at what stage does this happen?

Alarm reaction

Resistance

Exhaustion

Adaptation

Wasim is always brushing everything under the carpet and refuses to face the stressor or even accept it. Which kind of unhelpful habit is this?

Forgetfulness

Avoidance

Procrastination

Perfectionism

Which of the following statements is true about the diathesis-stress model?

1. Presence of some biological aberration which may be inherited
2. Physiological disorders develop due to combination of psychological predisposition and stressors.
3. Diathesis may carry vulnerability to develop a psychological disorder.
4. Absence of pathogenic stressors that may lead to psychopathology.

Only (i) is true.

(i) and (iii) are true

Only (iii) is true

(ii) and (iv) are true

Some people are unable to prevent themselves from specific ideas or from repeatedly carrying out a set of actions that disrupts their daily functioning. These people are showing symptoms of ______.

Manic depressive disorder

Panic disorder

Somatic symptom disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder 

Michael, a 10-year-old boy, was diagnosed with a disorder where he has difficulty in perceiving and processing information accurately and efficiently. This impacts his basic skills of reading, writing and doing mathematics. Identify this disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder

Intellectual disability

Specific learning disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Assertion (A): According to cognitive therapy, childhood experiences provided by the family and society develop core schemas in the child which include beliefs and action patterns in individual.

Reason (R): In this therapy, irrational beliefs mediate between antecedent events and their consequences.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Ritik is undergoing a therapy where he is being taught to recognise bodily processes and the emotions that are being blocked out from his awareness. Which therapy is being applied here?

Client-centred therapy

Logotherapy

Cognitive behaviour therapy

Gestalt therapy

Why is behavioural analysis conducted to overcome stress?

1. To find malfunctioning behaviour.
2. To find the consequent operations of the adaptive behaviour.
3. To identify the antecedents of faulty learning.
4. To identify factors that maintain faulty learning.

(i) (iii) and (iv)

Only (iii)

(ii) and (iii)

(i) and (ii)

Assertion (A): Cognitive consistency means that two components in an attitude system must be in the opposite direction.

Reason (R): If the two elements are not logically in consonance with each other, it leads to distress in the individual.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Ashwin’s roommate at college, who belonged to a particular State, was always rude and selfish towards him. Ashwin now does not befriend or employ people from this State as he feels that they are all impolite. This is an example of ______.

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Kernel of truth

Scapegoating

Social cognition

Which one of the following is not a factor that will lead to attitude change?

Message characteristics

Environmental characteristics

Source characteristics

Target characteristics

We all belong to different types of groups. What type of group will the armed forces be if you join it?

1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Formal
4. Informal

(i), (iii) and (iv)

(iii) and (iv)

(ii) and (iii)

(i), (ii) and (iv)

Assertion (A): Children from disadvantaged homes, when adopted into families with higher socio-economic status, exhibit a large increase in their intelligence scores.

Reason (R): Environmental deprivation lowers intelligence while rich nutrition, good family background and quality of schooling increases intelligence.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Adil, a young man, shows aggressive actions that threaten or cause harm to people or animals and indulges in serious rule violations. What are these symptoms indicative of?

Ranjan has faced a lot of mishaps in his life. However, he shows low levels of illness despite high levels of stress. What makes people like Ranjan resistant to stress?

Neerav's parents have recently shifted to Bengaluru and have been busy settling him in the new city. Neerav misses his friends back in Nagpur and this has impacted his academic performance. What is the source of this stress? State the other sources of stress as well. 

Explain cognitive distortions.

Suppose you are a college student who wants to contribute towards the country's economy. Suggest a process that you will use to bring an attitude change amongst your peers towards buying only Indian goods to support the nation's economy.

Differentiate between ingroup and outgroup.

Ryan and Shireen are siblings brought up in the same environment. Ryan knows all the formulae in mathematics and can recall them as they are but cannot solve problems based on those formulae, whereas Shireen can use formulae to solve any kind of problem that are based on them. Explain the intelligence they both exhibit. Which approach is this theory based on?

Explain any three psychological models used to understand mental disorders.

An individual's attitude towards a particular topic may be contrary to his/her behaviour.' Justify this statement with evidence.

Values and beliefs are not the same as attitudes. Explain this statement with the help of examples.

Mehak is an important member of her Psychology group and has recently been selected to be a member of the football team as well. What is the main difference between the group and the team that she is a part of?

Describe the model which states that intellectual activity involves the three interdependent functioning of neurological systems.

The cultural environment provides a context for intelligence to develop. How does the role of culture influence our understanding of intelligence? Explain.

A study found that one-third of British children, at age six, are afraid of snakes even though it is rare to encounter snakes in British Isles. ‘The children had never come in contact with snakes in a traumatic situation, but snakes still generated anxious response. How would Carl Jung's theory of personality explain the same? Throw some light on his theory.

To deal effectively with environment, the individuals must possess the right life skills. Explain any four of these life skills.

Many ailments like hypertension, ulcers, etc, could be stress related. To prevent this from happening, we need to be aware about stress management techniques. Explain any four of these techniques.

An eight-year-old child is showing aggressive and disruptive behaviour in the class. As a student of Psychology, what, techniques would you suggest to help modify the child's behaviour?

A number of theories have been used to understand 'personality'. Discuss how efforts have been inade to categorise people into personality types since ancient times.

According to Freud, individuals avoid anxiety by using mechanisms that protect the eco by distorting reality. What are these mechanisms called? Explain its different kinds with the help of examples.

Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

(a) Identify the disorder Mohsin is exhibiting. Distinguish it from autism spectrum disorder.
OR

(b) How are the symptoms that Mohsin is exhibiting different from a more severe form of that disorder?

Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

In order to understand Mohsin' s disorder what do psychologist refer to classify psychological disorder?

Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

We can see that Srikanth has the ability to adopt, shape and select the environment. Identify the theory of intelligence that would best support our understanding of Srikanth's intelligence.

Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, 'Srikanth, you can do nothing', I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." According to Gardner's multiple theory of intelligences, which kind of intelligence explains this? Discuss this intelligence in brief.