NCERT solutions for Accountancy - Financial Accounting 1 [English] Class 11 chapter 6 - Trial Balance and Rectification of Errors [Latest edition]

State the meaning of a trial balance?

Give two examples of errors of principle?

Give two examples of errors of commission?

What are the methods of preparing trial balance?

What are the steps taken by an accountant to locate the errors in the trial balance?

What is a suspense account? Is it necessary that is suspense account will balance off after rectification of the errors detected by the accountant? If not, then what happens to the balance still remaining in suspense account?

What kinds of errors would cause difference in the trial balance. Also list examples that would not be revealed by a trial balance?

State the limitations of trial balance?

Describe the purpose for the preparation of trial balance

Explain errors of principle and give two examples with measures to rectify them

Explain the errors of commission and give two examples with measures to rectify them

What are the different types of errors that are usually committed in recording business transaction

As an accountant of a company, you are disappointed to learn that the totals in your new trial balance are not equal. After going through a careful analysis, you have discovered only one error. Specifically, the balance of the Office Equipment account has a debit balance of ₹ 15,600 on the trial balance. However, you have figured out that a correctly recorded credit purchase of pen-drive for ₹ 3,500 was posted from the journal to the ledger with a ₹ 3,500 debit to Office Equipment and another ₹ 3,500 debit to creditors accounts.
Answer each of the following questions and present the amount of any misstatement:
(a) Is the balance of the office equipment account overstated, understated, or correctly stated in the trial balance?
(b) Is the balance of the creditors account overstated, understated, or correctly stated in the trial balance?
(c) Is the debit column total of the trial balance overstated, understated, or correctly stated?
(d) Is the credit column total of the trial balance overstated, understated, or correctly stated?
(e) If the debit column total of the trial balance is ₹ 2,40,000 before correcting the error, what is the total of credit column.

Rectify the following errors:
(i) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were not recorded.
(ii) Credit purchases from Rohan  9,000 were not recorded.
(iii) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were not recorded.
(iv) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were not recorded.

Rectify the following errors:

1. Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were recorded as ₹ 700.
2. Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were recorded as ₹ 900.
3. Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were recorded as ₹ 400.
4. Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were recorded as ₹ 100.

Rectify the following errors:
(i) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were recorded as ₹ 7,200.
(ii) Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were recorded as ₹ 9,900.
(iii) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were recorded as ₹ 4,040.
(iv) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were recorded as ₹ 1,600.

Rectify the following errors:
(a) Salary paid ₹ 5,000 was debited to employee’s personal account.
(b) Rent paid ₹ 4,000 was posted to landlord’s personal account.
(c) Goods withdrawn by proprietor for personal use ₹ 1,000 were debited to sundry expenses account.
(d) Cash received from Kohli ₹ 2,000 was posted to Kapur’s account.
(e) Cash paid to Babu ₹ 1,500 was posted to Sabu’s account.

Rectify the following errors:
(a) Credit Sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were recorded in purchases book.
(b) Credit Purchases from Rohan ₹ 900 were recorded in sales book.
(c) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were recorded in the sales return book.
(d) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were recorded in purchases return book.
(e) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 2,000 were recorded in purchases book.

Rectify the following errors:

1. Sales book overcast by ₹ 700.
2. Purchases book overcast by ₹ 500.
3. Sales return book overcast by ₹ 300.
4. Purchase returns book overcast by ₹ 200.

Rectify the following errors:
(a) Sales book undercast by ₹ 300.
(b) Purchases book undercast by ₹ 400.
(c) Return inwards book undercast by ₹ 200.
(d) Return outwards book undercast by ₹ 100.

Rectify the following errors and ascertain the amount of difference in trial balance by preparing suspense account:
(a) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were not posted
(b) Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were not posted.
(c) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were not posted.
(d) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were not posted.
(e) Cash paid to Ganesh ₹ 3,000 was not posted.
(f) Cash sales ₹ 2,000 were not posted.

Rectify the following errors and ascertain the amount of difference in trial balance by preparing suspense account:
(a) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were posted as ₹ 9,000.
(b) Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were posted as ₹ 6,000.
(c) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were posted as ₹ 5,000.
(d) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were posted as ₹ 3,000.
(e) Cash sales ₹ 2,000 were posted as ₹ 200.

Rectify the following errors:
(a) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were posted to Karan.
(b) Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were posted to Gobind
(c) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were posted to Naresh.
(d) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were posted to Manish.
(e) Cash sales ₹ 2,000 were posted to commission account.

Rectify the following errors assuming that a suspense account was opened. As certain the difference in trial balance.
(a) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were posted to the credit of his account.
(b) Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were posted to the debit of his account as ₹ 6,000.
(c) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were posted to the credit of his account.
(d) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were posted to the debit of his account as ₹ 2,000.
(e) Cash sales ₹ 2,000 were posted to the debit of sales account as ₹ 5,000.

Rectify the following errors assuming that a suspense account was opened. Ascertain the difference in trial balance.
(a) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were posted to Karan as ₹ 5,000.
(b) Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were posted to the debit of Gobind as ₹ 10,000.
(c) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were posted to the credit of Naresh as ₹ 3,000.
(d) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were posted to the debit of Manish as ₹ 2,000.
(e) Cash sales ₹ 2,000 were posted to commission account as ₹ 200.

Rectify the following errors assuming that suspense account was opened. Ascertain the difference in trial balance.
(a) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 7,000 were recorded in Purchase Book. However, Mohan’s account was correctly debited.
(b) Credit purchases from Rohan ₹ 9,000 were recorded in sales book. However, Rohan’s account was correctly credited.
(c) Goods returned to Rakesh ₹ 4,000 were recorded in sales return book. However, Rakesh’s account was correctly debited.
(d) Goods returned from Mahesh ₹ 1,000 were recorded through purchases return book. However, Mahesh’s account was correctly credited.
(e) Goods returned to Naresh ₹ 2,000 were recorded through purchases book. However, Naresh’s account was correctly debited.

Rectify the following errors:
(a) Furniture purchased for ₹ 10,000 wrongly debited to purchases account.
(b) Machinery purchased on credit from Raman for ₹ 20,000 was recorded through purchases book.
(c) Repairs on machinery ₹ 1,400 debited to machinery account.
(d) Repairs on overhauling of second-hand machinery purchased ₹ 2,000 was debited to repairs account.
(e) Sale of old machinery at book value of ₹ 3,000 was credited to sales account.

Rectify the following errors assuming that suspense account was opened. Ascertain the difference in trial balance.
(a) Furniture purchased for ₹ 10,000 wrongly debited to purchase account as ₹ 4,000.
(b) Machinery purchased on credit from Raman for ₹ 20,000 recorded through Purchases Book as ₹ 6,000.
(c) Repairs on machinery ₹ 1,400 debited to Machinery account as ₹ 2,400.
(d) Repairs on overhauling of second hand machinery purchased ₹ 2,000 ₹ 200.
(e) Sale of old machinery at book value ₹ 3,000 was credited to sales account as ₹ 5,000.

Rectify the following errors:
(a) Depreciation provided on machinery ₹ 4,000 was not posted.
(b) Bad debts written off ₹ 5,000 were not posted.
(c) Discount allowed to a debtor ₹ 100 on receiving cash from him was not posted.
(d) Discount allowed to a debtor ₹ 100 on receiving cash from him was not posted to discount account.
(e) Bill receivable for ₹ 2,000 received from a debtor was not posted.

Rectify the following errors:
(a) Depreciation provided on machinery ₹ 4,000 was posted as ₹ 400.
(b) Bad debts written off ₹ 5,000 were posted as ₹ 6,000.
(c) Discount allowed to a debtor ₹ 100 on receiving cash from him was posted as ₹ 60.
(d) Goods withdrawn by proprietor for personal use ₹ 800 were posted as ₹ 300.
(e) Bill receivable for ₹ 2,000 received from a debtor was posted as ₹ 3,000.

Rectify the following errors assuming that suspense account was opened. Ascertain the difference in trial balance.
(a) Depreciation provided on machinery ₹ 4,000 was not posted to Depreciation account.
(b) Bad debts written-off ₹ 5,000 were not posted to Debtors account.
(c) Discount allowed to a debtor ₹ 100 on receiving cash from him was not posted to discount allowed account.
(d) Goods withdrawn by proprietor for personal use ₹ 800 were not posted to Drawings account.
(e) Bill receivable for ₹ 2,000 received from a debtor was not posted to Bills receivable account.

Trial balance of Anuj did not agree. It showed an excess credit of ₹ 6,000. He put the difference to suspense account. He discovered the following errors:
(a) Cash received from Ravish ₹ 8,000 posted to his account as ₹ 6,000.
(b) Returns inwards book overcast by ₹ 1,000.
(c) Total of sales book ₹ 10,000 was not posted to Sales account.
(d) Credit purchases from Nanak ₹ 7,000 were recorded in sales Book. However, Nanak’s account was correctly credited.
(e) Machinery purchased for ₹ 10,000 was posted to purchases account as ₹ 5,000. Rectify the errors and prepare suspense account.

Trial balance of Raju showed an excess debit of ₹ 10,000. He put the difference to suspense account and discovered the following errors:
(a) Depreciation written-off the furniture ₹ 6,000 was not posted to Furniture account.
(b) Credit sales to ₹ 10,000 were recorded as ₹ 7,000.
(c) Purchases book undercast by ₹ 2,000.
(d) Cash sales to ₹ 5,000 were not posted.
(e) Old Machinery sold for ₹ 7,000 was credited to sales account.
(f) Discount received ₹ 800 from Kanan on paying cash to him was not posted.

Trial balance of Madan did not agree and he put the difference to suspense account. He discovered the following errors:
(a) Sales return book overcast by ₹ 800.
(b) Purchases return to ₹ 2,000 was not posted.
(c) Goods purchased on credit from ₹ 4,000 though taken into stock, but no entry was passed in the books.
(d) Installation charges on new machinery purchased ₹ 500 were debited to sundry expenses account as ₹ 50.
(e) Rent paid for residential accommodation of madam (the proprietor) ₹ 1,400 was debited to rent account as ₹ 1,000.

Trial balance of Kohli did not agree and showed an excess debit of ₹ 16,300. He put the difference to a suspense account and discovered the following errors:
(a) Cash received from ₹ 5,000 was posted to the debit of Kamal as ₹ 6,000.
(b) Salaries paid to an employee ₹ 2,000 were debited to his personal account as ₹ 1,200.
(c) Goods withdrawn by proprietor for personal use ₹ 1,000 were credited to sales account as ₹ 1,600.
(d) Depreciation provided on machinery ₹ 3,000 was posted to Machinery account as ₹ 300.
(e) Sale of old car for ₹ 10,000 was credited to sales account as ₹ 6,000.
Rectify the errors and prepare suspense account.

Give journal entries to rectify the following errors assuming that suspense account had been opened.
(a) Goods distributed as free sample ₹ 5,000 were not recorded in the books.
(b) Goods withdrawn for personal use by the proprietor ₹ 2,000 were not recorded in the books.
(c) Bill receivable received from a debtor ₹ 6,000 was not posted to his account
(d) Total of returns inwards book ₹ 1,200 was posted to Returns outwards account.
(e) Discount allowed to ₹ 700 on receiving cash from her was recorded in the books as ₹ 70.

Trial balance of Khatau did not agree. He put the difference to suspense account and discovered the following errors:
(a) Credit sales to ₹ 16,000 were recorded in the purchases book as ₹ 10,000 and posted to the debit of ₹ 1,000.
(b) Furniture purchased from Noor ₹ 6,000 was recorded through purchases book as ₹ 5,000 and posted to the debit of Noor ₹ 2,000.
(c) Goods returned to ₹ 3,000 recorded through the Sales book as ₹ 1,000.
(d) Old machinery sold for ₹ 2,000 to Maneesh recorded through sales book as ₹ 1,800 and posted to the credit of Manish as ₹ 1,200.
(e) Total of Returns inwards book ₹ 2, 800 posted to Purchase account.

Trial balance of John did not agree. He put the difference to suspense account and discovered the following errors:
(a) In the sales book for the month of January total of page 2 was carried forward to page 3 as ₹ 1,000 instead of ₹ 1,200 and total of page 6 was carried forward to page 7 as ₹ 5,600 instead of ₹ 5,000.
(b) Wages paid for installation of machinery ₹ 500 was posted to wages account as ₹ 50.
(c) Machinery purchased from R and Co. for ₹ 10,000 on credit was entered in Purchase Book as ₹ 6,000 and posted there from to R and Co. as ₹ 1,000.
(d) Credit sales to Mohan ₹ 5,000 were recorded in Purchases Book.
(e) Goods returned to Ram ₹ 1,000 were recorded in Sales Book.
(f) Credit purchases from S and Co. for ₹ 6,000 were recorded in sales book. However, S and Co. was correctly credited.
(g) Credit purchases from M and Co. ₹ 6,000 were recorded in Sales Book as ₹ 2,000 and posted there from to the credit of M and Co. as ₹ 1,000.
(h) Credit sales to Raman ₹ 4,000 posted to the credit of Raghvan as ₹ 1,000.
(i) Bill receivable for ₹ 1,600 from Noor was dishonoured and posted to debit of Allowances account.
(j) Cash paid to Mani ₹ 5,000 against our acceptance was debited to Manu.
(k) Old furniture sold for ₹ 3,000 was posted to Sales account as ₹ 1,000.
(l) Depreciation provided on furniture ₹ 800 was not posted.
(m) Material ₹ 10,000 and wages ₹ 3,000 were used for construction of building. No adjustment was made in the books.