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Physics Set 1 2021-2022 HSC Science (General) 12th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution

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Physics [Set 1]
Marks: 70 Maharashtra State Board
HSC Science (General)
HSC Science (Electronics)
HSC Science (Computer Science)

Academic Year: 2021-2022
Date & Time: 10th March 2022, 10:30 am
Duration: 3h30m
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General instructions :

The question paper is divided into four sections :

  1. Section A: Q. No. 1 contains Ten multiple-choice type of questions carrying One mark each. Q. No. 2 contains Eight very short answer type of questions carrying One mark each.
  2. Section B: Q. No. 3 to Q. No. 14 contain Twelve short answer type of questions carrying Two marks each. (Attempt any Eight).
  3. Section C: Q. No. 15 to Q. No. 26 contains Twelve short answer type of questions carrying Three marks each. (Attempt any Eight).
  4. Section D: Q. No. 27 to Q. No. 31 contain Five long answer type of questions carrying Four marks each. (Attempt any Three).
  5. Use of the log table is allowed. Use of calculator is not allowed.
  6. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
  7. For each multiple-choice type of question, it is mandatory to write the correct answer along with its alphabet. e.g., (a)......../(b)......../(c)......./(d)........ No marks(s) shall be given if ONLY the correct answer or the alphabet of the correct answer is written. Only the first attempt will be considered for evaluation. 
  8. Physical Constants :
    (i) mass of electron m= 9.1 × 10-31 kg
    (ii) ε0 = 8.85 × 10-12 `C^2/Nm^2`
    (iii) π = 3.142
    (iv) Charge on electron e = 1.6 × 10-19C
    (v) µ0 = 4π × 10-7Wb/Am
    (vi) h - 6.63 × 10-34 Js
    (vii) C = 3 × 108 m/s

SECTION - A
[10]1 | Select and write the correct answers for the following multiple choice type of questions:
[1]1.i

The first law of thermodynamics is concerned with the conservation of ______.

momentum

energy

temperature

mass

velocity

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.04] Thermodynamics
[1]1.ii

The average value of alternating current over a full cycle is always ______.  [I0 = Peak value of current]

zero

`"I"_0/2`

`"I"_0/sqrt2`

2I0

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.13] AC Circuits
[1]1.iii

The angle at which maximum torque is exerted by the external uniform electric field on the electric dipole is ______.

30°

45°

90°

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.08] Electrostatics
[1]1.iv

Which property of light does not change when it travels from one medium to another?

Velocity

Wavelength

Amplitude

Frequency

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.07] Wave Optics
[1]1.v

The root mean square speed of the molecules of a gas is proportional to ______.
[T =Absolute temperature of gas]

`sqrt"T"`

`1/sqrt"T"`

T

`1/"T"`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.03] Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation
[1]1.vi

The unit Wbm-2 is equal to ______.

henry

watt

dyne

tesla

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.1] Magnetic Fields Due to Electric Current
[1]1.vii

When the bob performs a vertical circular motion and the string rotates in a vertical plane, the difference in the tension in the string at horizontal position and uppermost position is ______.

mg

2 mg

3 mg

6 mg

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.01] Rotational Dynamics
[1]1.viii

A liquid rises in glass capillary tube upto a height of 2.5 cm at room temperature. If another glass capillary tube having radius half that of the earlier tube is immersed in the same Liquid, the rise of liquid in it will be _______.

1.25 cm

2.5 cm

5 cm

10 cm

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.02] Mechanical Properties of Fluids [0.06] Surface Tension
[1]1.ix

In young 's double slit experiment the two coherent sources have different amplitudes. If the ratio of maximum intensity to minimum intensity is 16 : 1, then the ratio of amplitudes of the two source will be _______.

4 : 1

5 : 3

1 : 4

1 : 16

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.07] Wave Optics
[1]1.x

The equation of a simple harmonic progressive wave travelling on a string is y = 8 sin (0.02x - 4t) cm. The speed of the wave is ______.

10 cm/s

20 cm/s

100 cm/s

200 cm/s

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.06] Superposition of Waves
[8]2 | Answer the following questions :
[1]2.i

Define potential gradient of the potentiometer wire.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.09] Current Electricity [0.13] Current Electricity
[1]2.ii

State the formula for critical velocity in terms of Reynold's number for a flow of a fluid.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.02] Mechanical Properties of Fluids
[1]2.iii

Is it always necessary to use red light to get a photoelectric effect?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.14] Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
[1]2.iv

Write the Boolean expression for Exclusive - OR (X - OR) gate.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[1]2.v

Write the differential equation for angular S.H.M.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.05] Oscillations
[1]2.vi

What is the mathematical formula for the third postulate of Bohr's atomic model?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.15] Structure of Atoms and Nuclei
[1]2.vii

Two inductor coils with inductance 10 mH and 20 mH are connected in series. What is the resultant inductance of the combination of the two coils?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.12] Electromagnetic Induction
[1]2.viii

Calculate the moment of inertia of a uniform disc of mass 10 kg and radius 60 cm about an axis perpendicular to its length and passing through its center.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.01] Rotational Dynamics
SECTION - B : 16 Marks
[2]3 | Attempt any EIGHT questions of the following :

Define moment of inertia. State its SI unit and dimensions.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.01] Rotational Dynamics
[2]4

What is polar dielectrics? 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.08] Electrostatics

What is nonpolar dielectric? 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.08] Electrostatics
[2]5

What is a thermodynamic process?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.04] Thermodynamics

Give any two types of a thermodynamic process.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.04] Thermodynamics
[2]6

Derive an expression for the radius of the nth Bohr orbit for the hydrogen atom.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.15] Structure of Atoms and Nuclei
[2]7

What are harmonics? 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.06] Superposition of Waves

What are overtones?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.06] Superposition of Waves
[2]8

Distinguish between a potentiometer and a voltmeter.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.09] Current Electricity [0.13] Current Electricity
[2]9

What is mechanical equilibrium?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.04] Thermodynamics

What is meant by ‘thermal equilibrium’?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.04] Thermodynamics
[2]10

An electron in an atom is revolving round the nucleus in a circular orbit of radius 5.3 × 10-11 m with a speed of 3 × 106 m/s. Find the angular momentum of electron.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.01] Rotational Dynamics
[2]11

Plane wavefront of Light of wavelength 6000 Å is incident on two slits on a screen perpendicular to the direction of light rays. If the total separation of 10 brights fringes on a screen 2m away is 2 cm, find the distance between the slits.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.07] Wave Optics
[2]12

Eight droplets of water each of radius 0.2 mm coalesce into a single drop. Find the decrease in the surface area.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.02] Mechanical Properties of Fluids [0.06] Surface Tension
[2]13

A 0.1 H inductor a 25 × 10-6 F capacitor and a 15 Ω resistor are connected in series to a 120 V, 50 Hz AC source. Calculate the resonant frequency.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.05] Oscillations
[2]14

The difference between the two molar specific heats of gas is 9000 J/kg K. If the ratio of the two specific heats is 1.5, calculate the two molar specific heats.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.03] Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation
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SECTION - C : 24 Marks
[3]15 | Attempt any EIGHT questions of the following:

With the help of a neat diagram, explain the reflection of Light on a plane-reflecting surface.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.07] Wave Optics
[3]16

What is magnetization?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.11] Magnetic Materials [0.15] Magnetism

Define Magnetic intensity.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.11] Magnetic Materials [0.15] Magnetism

What is magnetic susceptibility?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.11] Magnetic Materials [0.15] Magnetism
[3]17

Prove that the frequency of beats is equal to the difference between the frequencies of the two sound notes giving rise to beats.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.06] Superposition of Waves [0.07] Wave Motion [0.1] Wave Theory of Light
[3]18

Define Inductive reactance.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.13] AC Circuits

Define Capacitive reactance.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.13] AC Circuits

Define Impedance.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.13] AC Circuits
[3]19

Derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a rotating body with uniform angular velocity. 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.01] Rotational Dynamics
[3]20

Determine the motional emf induced in a straight conductor moving in a uniform magnetic field with constant velocity on the basis of Lorentz force.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.12] Electromagnetic Induction
[3]21

Derive an expression for the terminal velocity of the sphere falling under gravity through a viscous medium. 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.02] Mechanical Properties of Fluids
[3]22

Determine the shortest wavelengths of Balmer and Pasch en series. Given the limit for the Lyman series is 912 Å.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.15] Structure of Atoms and Nuclei
[3]23

Calculate the value of magnetic field at a distance of 3 cm from a very long, straight wire carrying a current of 6 A.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.1] Magnetic Fields Due to Electric Current
[3]24

A parallel plate capacitor filled with air has an area of 6 cm2 and plate separation of 3 mm. Calculate its capacitance.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]25

An emf of 91 mV is induced in the windings of a coil when the current in o nearby coil is increasing at the rate of 1.3 A/s. what is the mutual inductance (M) of the two coils in mH?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.12] Electromagnetic Induction [0.16] Electromagnetic Inductions
[3]26

Two cells of emf 4 V and 2 V having a respective internal resistance of 1 Ω and 2 Ω are connected in parallel, so as to send current in the same direction through an external resistance of 5 Ω. Find the current through the external resistance.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.09] Current Electricity
SECTION - D : 12 Marks
[4]27 | Attempt any THREE questions of the following :

Derive an expression for the pressure exerted by a gas on the basis of the kinetic theory of gases.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.03] Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation
[4]28

What is a rectifier?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.16] Semiconductor Devices

Draw the circuit diagram of a half-wave rectifier. Hence explain its working. 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.16] Semiconductor Devices
[4]29

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of suspended coil type moving coil galvanometer.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.1] Magnetic Fields Due to Electric Current

The initial pressure and volume of a gas enclosed in a cylinder are 2 × 105 N/m2 and 6 × 10-3 m3 respectively. If the work done in compressing the gas at constant pressure is 150 J. find the final volume of the gas.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.1] Magnetic Fields Due to Electric Current
[4]30

Define second's pendulum.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.05] Oscillations

Derive a formula for the length of second's pendulum.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.05] Oscillations

A particle performing Linear S.H.M. has a maximum velocity 25 cm/sand maximum acceleration 100 cm/s2. Find the period of oscillations.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.04] Oscillations [0.05] Oscillations
[4]31

Explain de-Broglie wavelength.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.14] Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Obtain an expression for de-Broglie wavelength of wave associated with material particles. The photoelectric work function for metal is 4.2 eV. Find the threshold wavelength.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.14] Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

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