Science and Technology 1 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Maharashtra State Board Syllabus 2024-25

• Introduction to Scientist
• Motion and Rest

• Introduction
• Experiment

1. Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion
2. Kepler’s First Law: The Law of Ellipses
3. Kepler’s Second Law: The Law of Equal Areas
4. Kepler’s Third Law: The Law of Harmonies
5. Kepler’s Laws and Newton’s Explanation

• Newton’s Law of Gravitation
• Gravitational Constant (G)
• Effects of Newton’s Law of Gravitation
• Centre of Mass and Gravity

• Uniform and Non-Uniform Circular Motion
• Activity
• Uniform Circular Motion and Centripetal Force
• Experiment
• Variables in Circular Motion

• Introduction
• Value of g on the Surface of the Earth
• Variation in the Value of g

• Introduction
• Properties of Gravitational Waves

• Introduction
• Energy During Free Fall

• Introduction
• Escape Velocity

• Zero Gravity (Zero g-Force)
• Astronauts Floating in Space

• Introduction
• Limitations

• Introduction
• Limitations

• Introduction
• Structure and Property

• Merits
• Demerits

• Groups and Electronic Configuration in the Modern Periodic Table
• Structure of the Modern Periodic Table

• Introduction
• Element Distribution in the First Three Periods
• Impact of Electronic Configuration on Chemical Reactivity

• Introduction
• Periodic Trends

• Introduction
• Types of Chemical Reaction
• Experiment

• Introduction
• Writing a Chemical Equation
• Experiment

• Introduction
• Steps to Balance a Chemical Equation (Hit-and-Trial Method)

• Endothermic Reactions
• Exothermic Reactions
• Experiment

• Nature of the Reactants
• Size of the Particles of Reactants
• Experiment
• Concentration of the Reactants
• Temperature of the Reaction
• Catalyst

• Oxidation
• Reduction 
• Redox Reactions (Reduction + Oxidation)
• Oxidising & Reducing Agents

• Corrosion
• Experiment
• Rusting Process and Corrosion Effect

• Rancidity
• Stages of Rancidity

• Introduction
• Working
• Electric Circuits and Circuit Diagrams
• Experiment
• Joule’s Law of Heating and Electrical Power

• Introduction
• Limitations and Applications

• Introduction
• Application

• Introduction
• Construction and Working
• Application

• Introduction
• Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction
• Application

• Introduction
• Experiment 1
• Experiment 2
• Application

• Introduction
• Application

• Direct Current (DC)
• Alternating Current (AC)
• Differences Between AC and DC

• Introduction
• Types of Electric Generator
• Components of an Electric Generator
• Working of an AC Generator
• AC Generator vs. DC Generator
• Application of an Electric Generator

• Introduction
• Types of Latent Heat
• Experiment
• Latent Heat of Vaporization

• Introduction
• Examples of Regelation
• Experiment

• Introduction
• Graph between the Volume and Temperature of Water
• Experiment 1
• Experiment 2
• Importance of Anomalous Behaviour of Water

• Introduction
• Absolute and Relative Humidity
• Examples of Dew Point and Humidity
• Activity

• Introduction
• Specific Heat Capacity of Different Substances
• Experiment

• Introduction
• Activity 1
• Activity 2
• Activity 3

• Introduction
• Snell’s Law and Refraction in Different Media
• Absolute Refractive Indices and Applications

• Twinkling of Stars: A Beautiful Atmospheric Effect
• Steady Shine of Planets
• Other Effects of Atmospheric Refraction

• Dispersion of Light Through a Prism
• Newton’s Disc and the Colours of Light
• Wavelength and Speed of Light in Different Media
• Activity 1
• Activity 2
• Activity 3

• Partial and Total Internal Reflection (TIR)
• Rainbow Formation and Optical Effects

• Lens and its Types
• Cross-Sections of Convex and Concave Lenses

• Introduction
• Basic Lens Terminology
• Principal Focus (F) and Focal Length (f)
• Experiment

• Introduction
• Applications
• Activity

• Rules for Image Formation by a Convex Lens
• Experiment
• Images formed by convex lenses for different positions of the object

• Introduction
• Applications

• Rules for Image Formation by a Concave Lens
• Image Formation by a Concave Lens

• General Rules of Cartesian Sign Convention
• Sign Convention for Mirrors
• Sign Convention for Lenses

• Introduction
• Derivation of Lens Formula

• Structure and Components
• Photoreceptors and Eye Muscles

• Image Formation and Light Control
• Vision Range and Optical Properties

• Myopia and Its Causes
• Types and Symptoms of Myopia
• Myopia Correction and Treatment

• Hypermetropia and Its Causes
• Types and Symptoms of Hypermetropia
• Hypermetropia Correction and Treatment

• Presbyopia and Its Causes
• Symptoms of Presbyopia
• Presbyopia Correction and Treatments

• Persistence of Vision in Daily Life
• Role of Rod and Cone Cells in Vision

• Introduction
• General Properties of Metals
• Experiment

• Physical Properties
• Activity

• Chemical Properties
• Experiment

• Reaction of Metals with Oxygen
• Reaction of Metals with Water
• Experiment 1
• Reaction of Metals with Acids
• Experiment 2
• Reaction of Metals with Nitric Acid
• Reaction of Metals with Salts of Other Metals
• Experiment 3
• Reaction of Metals with Nonmetals

• Introduction
• General Properties of Non-Metals

• Ionic Compounds and Its General Properties
• Formation and Stability of Ionic Compounds
• Experiment 1
• Dissociation of Ions and Electrical Conductivity
• Experiment 2

• Introduction
• Metallurgical Process

• Electrolytic Refining: Purification of Metals
• Electrolytic Refining of Copper

• Corrosion
• Experiment
• Rusting Process and Corrosion Effect

• Properties and Forms of Carbon
• Carbon Compounds and Their Uses

• Bonding in Carbon Compounds
• Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures

• Introduction
• Occurrence of Carbon
• Characteristics of Carbon

• Physical Properties of Carbon
• Chemical Properties of Carbon

• Introduction
• Properties of Covalent Compounds
• Saturated Hydrocarbons
• Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

• Various Types of Hydrocarbons
• Straight-Chain Hydrocarbons
• Branched-Chain Hydrocarbons
• Cyclic Hydrocarbons (Rings of Carbon Atoms)

• Functional Groups
• Types of Functional Groups
• Role of Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry

• Homologous Series in Organic Chemistry
• Examples of Homologous Series

• Common Naming System
• IUPAC Nomenclature

• Combustion
• Experiment 1
• Oxidation
• Experiment 2
• Addition Reaction
• Experiment 3
• Substitution Reaction

• Physical Properties
• Chemical Properties
• Uses and Significance
• Experiment

• Physical Properties
• Chemical Properties
• Experiment 1
• Experiment 2
• Experiment 3
• Uses and Significance

• Introduction
• Types of Macromolecules

• Space Missions
• Important Milestones in Space Exploration
• Importance of Space Missions

• Introduction to Artificial satellites
• Working of Satellites  and Their Uses
• Indian Satellite Systems and Launch Vehicles

• Orbit and Critical Velocity of Artificial Satellites
• Types of Satellite Orbits

• Introduction to Space Launch Technology
• Working of Launch Vehicles

• Early Moon Missions (Soviet Union & USA)
• Chandrayaan-1: India’s First Lunar Mission
• Objectives and Goals of Chandrayaan-1

• Chandrayaan-2: India’s Second Lunar Mission
• Objectives and Goals of Chandrayaan-2

• Chandrayaan-3: India’s Third Lunar Mission
• Objectives and Goals of Chandrayaan-3

• India’s Mars Mission (Mangalyaan)
• Indian-Origin Astronauts and Space Heroes

• Space Debris
• Current Situation, Causes, and Threats
• Global and Indian Responses to Space Debris

• Introduction
• Limitations

• Introduction
• Limitations

• Introduction
• Structure and Property

• Merits
• Demerits

• Introduction
• Periodic Trends

• Introduction
• Writing a Chemical Equation
• Experiment

• Oxidation
• Reduction 
• Redox Reactions (Reduction + Oxidation)
• Oxidising & Reducing Agents

• Introduction of Neutralization
• Application of Neutralization

• pH Scale
• Importance of pH in Everyday Life

• Reactivity with metals
  
• Reactivity of acids towards carbonates and bicarbonates of metals
  
• Reactivity of acids with metallic oxides
  
• Reactivity of bases withnon metallic oxides
  
• Reactivity of acids and bases with each other
  

• Ampere: Pioneer of Electric Current Measurement
• Electric Current

• Introduction
• Working
• Electric Circuits and Circuit Diagrams
• Experiment
• Joule’s Law of Heating and Electrical Power

• Introduction
• Limitations and Applications

• Electric power

• Power-voltage rating
• Power of electrical appliances connected in parallel
• Power of electrical appliances connected in series
• Power in mixed combination of cells
• Practical units of electric energy in terms of power

• Units of electrical power

• The magnetic field lines
• Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid
• The dipole in a uniform magnetic field
• The electrostatic analog
• Magnetic potential

• Introduction
• Construction and Working
• Application

• Introduction
• Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction
• Application

• Alternating current generator
• Principle
• Construction and its main parts
• Working
• Frequency of alternating current

• Direct Current Motor
• Principle
• Construction and its main parts
• Working
• Ways of increasing the speed of rotation of coil

• Introduction
• Uses of Magnification

• Introduction
• Applications
• Activity

• General Rules of Cartesian Sign Convention
• Sign Convention for Mirrors
• Sign Convention for Lenses

• Structure and Components
• Photoreceptors and Eye Muscles

• Myopia and Its Causes
• Types and Symptoms of Myopia
• Myopia Correction and Treatment

• Introduction
• Activity 1
• Activity 2
• Activity 3

• Introduction
• Snell’s Law and Refraction in Different Media
• Absolute Refractive Indices and Applications

• Lateral displacement

• Mirage
• Rainbow

• Pollution
• Types of Pollution

• Air Pollutants and its Effects
• Effect of Air Pollution on Plants and Animals
• Depletion of the Ozone Layer
• Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
• Acid Rain and its impact
• Effects of Acid Rain

• Water Pollution
• Types of Water Pollutants
• Causes of Water Pollution
• Reasons of Water Pollution

• Effects on Human Beings
• Effects on Ecosystem

Role of citizens in pollution control

• Conservation of energy
  
• conservation of water
  
• conservation of biological resources
  
• reduction in pollution
  
• reduce, reuse, recycle
  
• population control
  
• consumerism
  
• decision making