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Question
State and explain Markownikoff's rule with suitable example
Solution
The Markovnikov's rule states that when to an unsymmetrical alkene a reagent is added then the negative part of the addendum (adding molecule) gets attached to that carbon atom which possesses lesser number of hydrogen atoms. For example
The anti- Markovnikov's rule is the reverse of the above and states that when to an unsymmetrical alkene a reagent is added then the negative part of the addendum (adding molecule) gets attached to that carbon atom which possesses more number of hydrogen atoms. It is normally followed when hydrogen and many other peroxide is added to a reaction system. Thus when the reaction system contains peroxides, anti- Markovnikov's rule will be followed. If any particular reagent has not been mentioned, then Markovnikov's rule will be followed. Example, in the following reaction anti-Markovnikov's rule is followed due to the presence of peroxide
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