Transformation of Energy

Energy cannot be made; it cannot be destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another.

Transformation of energy

• Sound energy is converted into electrical energy in a microphone.
• Electrical energy is converted into sound energy in a loudspeaker.
• Electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy in a motor.
• Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy in a generator.
• Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy when a stone is dropped.  
• Electrical energy is converted into heat energy in a room heater.
• Chemical energy is converted into sound, light and heat energy while firing crackers.  
• Light energy is converted into electrical energy in a solar cell / photoelectric cell.
• Electrical energy is converted into light energy in an electric lamp.
• Heat energy is converted into electrical energy in a thermocouple.
• Electrical energy is converted into heat energy in a heater.

1. The sun provides heat energy that makes water evapourate and turn into water vapour. The water vapour condenses into clouds, and upon cooling, it transforms into rain.
2. Rainwater flows into rivers, where dams store it in high-altitude reservoirs. The water now has potential energy because it is stored at a height.
3. The water's potential energy transforms into kinetic energy (the energy of movement) when it falls.
4. The falling water hits the blades of a turbine, making it spin. The turbine receives the kinetic energy of the falling water.
5. The sun is the main source of energy that starts all these processes, making all these transformations of energy—whether it's light, sound, or heat—possible.