Classification of Kingdom Plantae - Cryptogams

Cryptogams are non-flowering plants that reproduce through spores rather than seeds. They include groups like algae, bryophytes, and pteridophytes. These plants lack specialised reproductive structures like flowers and rely on simpler methods of reproduction, often thriving in moist environments. Cryptogams are an important part of the plant kingdom, showcasing primitive plant evolution and diversity.

Observing Spirogyra Under a Microscope:

• Collect green fibres from a pond with greenish water and place them in a Petri dish.
• Wash the fibres thoroughly with clean water to remove impurities.
• Place one fibre on a glass slide with a drop of water and straighten it.
• Cover with a cover slip and observe under a compound microscope.
• Spirally arranged green thread-like chloroplasts can be seen in the cells, identifying the plant as Spirogyra.

Spirogyra