Maharashtra State Board 9th Standard Science Syllabus - Free PDF Download
Maharashtra State Board Syllabus 2024-25 9th Standard: The Maharashtra State Board 9th Standard Science Syllabus for the examination year 2024-25 has been released by the MSBSHSE, Maharashtra State Board. The board will hold the final examination at the end of the year following the annual assessment scheme, which has led to the release of the syllabus. The 2024-25 Maharashtra State Board 9th Standard Science Board Exam will entirely be based on the most recent syllabus. Therefore, students must thoroughly understand the new Maharashtra State Board syllabus to prepare for their annual exam properly.
The detailed Maharashtra State Board 9th Standard Science Syllabus for 2024-25 is below.
Academic year:
Maharashtra State Board 9th Standard Science and Technology Revised Syllabus
Maharashtra State Board 9th Standard Science and Technology and their Unit wise marks distribution
Maharashtra State Board 9th Standard Science and Technology Course Structure 2024-25 With Marking Scheme
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Syllabus
1 Laws of Motion
- Motion and Rest
- Introduction to Scientist
- Motion and Rest
- Distance and Displacement
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Speed and Velocity
- Effect of Speed and Direction on Velocity
- Uniform and Non-uniform Motion
- Acceleration and Retardation
- Acceleration
- Retardation
- Experiment
- Types of Acceleration
- Graphical Representation of Motion
- Displacement - Time Graph Or Distance - Time Graph
- Distance-time graph for uniform motion
- Distance-time graph for non-uniform motion
- Velocity - Time Graphs
- Velocity-time graph for uniform velocity
- Velocity-time graph for uniform acceleration
- Displacement - Time Graph Or Distance - Time Graph
- Equations of Motion by Graphical Method
- Derivation of Velocity - Time Relation by Graphical Method
- Derivation of Displacement - Time Relation by Graphical Method
- Derivation of Displacement - Velocity Relation by Graphical Method
- Uniform Circular Motion (UCM)
- Uniform and Non-Uniform Circular Motion
- Activity
- Uniform Circular Motion and Centripetal Force
- Experiment
- Variables in Circular Motion
- Newton’s Laws of Motion
- Newton's First Law of Motion
- Newton's First Law of Motion
- Momentum
- Balanced and Unbalanced Force
- Experiment
- Newton's Second Law of Motion
- Momentum and Its Relation to Force
- Newton’s Second Law of Motion
- Activity
- Newton's Third Law of Motion
- Newton’s Third Law of Motion
- Newton's Third Law: Action and Reaction Forces
- Newton's First Law of Motion
- Conservation of Linear Momentum and Its Principle
- Law of Conservation of Momentum
- Principle and Application
2 Work and Energy
- Concept of Work
- Introduction of Work
- Work Done at Different Angles and Its Characteristics
- Positive, Negative and Zero Work
- Types of Work
- Experiment
- Energy
- Introduction to Energy
- Commercial Unit of Energy
- Mechanical Energy
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Kinetic Energy (K)
- Introduction to Kinetic Energy
- Expression for Kinetic Energy
- Potential Energy (U)
- Introduction to Potential Energy
- Expression for Potential Energy
- Transformation of Energy
- Introduction
- Energy Transfer in The Water Cycle
- Law of Conservation of Energy
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Free Fall
- Introduction
- Energy During Free Fall
- Power
- Introduction of Power
- Commercial Units of Energy
3 Current Electricity
- Electricity
- Potential and Potential Difference
- Electrostatic Potential
- Potential Difference
- Experiment 1
- Experiment 2
- Experiment 3
- Free Electrons
- Introduction of Free Electrons
- Current Flowing Through a Wire
- Electric Current
- Ampere: Pioneer of Electric Current Measurement
- Electric Current
- Ohm's Law (V = IR)
- Introduction
- Limitations and Applications
- Resistance and Resistivity of a Conductor
- Ohm: The Unit of Resistance
- Resistance and Resistivity of a Conductor
- Electric Circuit
- Introduction
- Working
- Electric Circuits and Circuit Diagrams
- Experiment
- Joule’s Law of Heating and Electrical Power
- Symbols and Functions of Various Components of an Electric Circuits
- Components of Electric Circuits
- Experiment
- Conductors and Insulators
- Conductors
- Insulators (Non-Conductors)
- Experimental Verification of Ohm’s Law
- System of Resistors
- Resistors in Series
- Resistors in Series
- Characteristics of Resistors Connected in Series
- Resistors in Parallel
- Resistors in Parallel
- Characteristics of Resistors Connected in Parallel
- Resistors in Series
- Domestic Electrical Connections
- Precautions to Be Taken While Using Electricity
4 Measurement of Matter
- Laws of Chemical Combination
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Law of Conservation of Matter (Law of Conservation of Mass)
- Law of Constant Proportions (Law of Definite Proportions)
- Introduction
- Antoine Lavoisier: The Father of Modern Chemistry
- Verification of The Law of Constant Proportion
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- Introduction of Atom
- Discovery of Charged Particles and the Structure of an Atom
- Atomic Mass
- Introduction of Atomic Mass
- Properties of Mass Number
- Determination of Relative Atomic Mass
- Symbols Used to Represent Atoms of Different Elements
- Molecules of Elements and Compounds
- Molecular Mass
- Mole Concept
- Concept of Mole
- Quantities Related on Mole Concept and Their Formula
- Experiment
- Avogadro’s Number
- Periodic Properties
- Valency
- Valency Rules and Formula Formation
- Valency and Electronic Configuration
- Types and Trends in Valency
- Methods to Determine the Valency of an Element
- Valency
- Variable Valency
- Ions (Radicals) and Its Types
- Radicals
- Formation of Radicals
- Types of Radicals
- Chemical Formulae of Compounds
- Chemical Formulae of Ionic Compounds
- Formulating Ionic Compounds
5 Acids, Bases and Salts
- Concept of Acid, Base, and Salt
- Introduction
- Acid
- Base
- Salt
- Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
- Arrhenius Theory of Acids and Bases
- Basicity and Acidity
- Basicity and Acidity
- Experiment
- Concentration of Solutions
- Ph of Solution
- Universal Indicators
- Neutralization Reaction
- Introduction
- Experiment
- The Neutralization Reaction
- Reactions of Acids
- Reaction of Acids with Metals
- Experiment 1
- Reaction of Acids with Oxides of Metals
- Experiment 2
- Reaction of Acids with Carbonates and Bicarbonates of Metals
- Experiment 3
- Reactions of Bases
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Salts
- Introduction of Salts
- Family of Salts
- pH Value of a Salt
- Classification of Salts
- Experiment
- Classification of Salts
- Water of Crystallization
- Introduction
- Experiment 1
- Experiment 2
- Ionic Compounds
- Ionic Compounds and Its General Properties
- Formation and Stability of Ionic Compounds
- Experiment 1
- Dissociation of Ions and Electrical Conductivity
- Experiment 2
- Electrolysis
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Electrolysis of Water
- Introduction
- Experiment
6 Classification of Plants
- Classification of Living Organisms
- Classification
- Need for Classification
- Advantages of Classification
- Classification of Kingdom Plantae
- Cryptogams
- Introduction
- Activity
- Phanerogams
- Cryptogams
- Basis for Classification of Plants
- Cryptogams
- Division I- Thallophyta
- Division II- Bryophytes
- Bryophyta
- Activity
- Division III- Pteridophytes
- Phanerogams
- Division I-Gymnosperms
- Division II- Angiosperms
- Angiosperms
- Activity
- Classification of Angiosperms
7 Energy Flow in an Ecosystem
- Concept of Energy Flow in an Ecosystem
- Introduction
- Trophic Levels of The Ecosystem
- Food Chain
- Introduction of Food Chain
- Advantages of Food Chain
- Food Web
- Introduction of Food Web
- Advantages of Food Web
- Energy Pyramid
- Trophic Level
- Pyramid of Energy
- Biogeochemical Cycle
- Introduction
- Types of Biogeochemical Cycle
- The Carbon Cycle
- The Oxygen Cycle
- Nitrogen Cycle
8 Useful and Harmful Microbes
- Microorganisms (Microbes) and Microbiology
- Introduction of Microorganisms
- Types of Microorganisms
- Classification of Microorganisms
- Experiment
- Nature of microorganisms
- Growth of microorganisms
- Useful Microorganisms
- Lactobacilli
- Introduction
- Uses of Lactobacilli
- Experiment
- Rhizobium
- Introduction
- Role and Importance of Rhizobium
- Experiment
- Yeast
- Introduction
- Role of Yeast in Fermentation and Its Applications
- Experiment
- Bio-remediation
- Lactobacilli
- Antibiotics
- Antibiotics and Their Mechanisms
- Types of Antibiotics
- Antibiotic Resistance
- Modern Applications of Antibiotics
- Penicillin
- Introduction to Scientists
- Penicillin
- Working
- Caution
- Harmful Microorganisms
- Fungi
- Introduction
- Effects of Fungi
- Preventive Measures
- Clostridium
- Introduction
- Effects of Clostridium
- Preventive Measures
- Fungi
- Other Harmful Microorganisms
- An Introduction to Scientists
- Other Harmful Microorganisms
- Diseases Caused by Virus
- Diseases Caused by Bacteria
- Diseases Caused by Protozoa
- Diseases Caused by Fungi
9 Environmental Management
- Weather and Climate
- Introduction
- Weather related / Climatic factors
- Changes in Weather
- Importance of Weather in the Living World
- Meteorology
- India Meteorological Department
- Introduction
- History and Development of Monsoon Prediction in India
- Monsoon Prediction Models
- Solid Waste Management
- Waste and Its Categories
- Types of Waste
- Categories of Waste
- Disposal Techniques
- Biodegradable Waste
- Introduction
- Process of Degradation
- Non-Biodegradable Wastes
- Introduction
- Disposal and Management
- Harmful effects of solid waste
- Necessity of Solid Waste Management
- 7 Principles of Solid Waste Management
- Period Required for Degradation of Waste
- Disaster Management
- Introduction
- Importance
- First Aid and Emergency Action
- First Aid
- Basic Principles of First Aid
- Simple Steps for Providing First Aid in Different Situations
- Methods of Transporting Victims/Patients Safely
10 Information Communication Technology
- Concept of ICT
- Introduction
- Devices Used in ICT
- Significance of ICT
- Computer
- Introduction
- Architecture of Computer
- Parts of Computer and Its Functions
- Components of a Computer
- Computer Hardware and Software
- Microsoft Word
- Introduction
- Steps to Create and Format a Document in Microsoft Word
- Microsoft Excel
- Introduction
- Steps to Create a Graph and Analyze Data in Microsoft Excel
- Data Entry Precautions in Microsoft Excel
- Microsoft Powerpoint
- Introduction
- Steps to Create a Presentation in Microsoft PowerPoint
- Applications of Technology in Science
- Opportunities in the field of computers
11 Reflection of Light
- Introduction to Light
- Mirrors
- Plane Mirror
- Introduction
- Reflection Formation in a Plane Mirror
- Activity
- Experiment
- Relation Between Mirror Height and Full Image Formation
- Spherical Mirrors
- Introduction
- Activity
- Plane Mirror
- Spherical Mirrors
- Concave Mirror
- Introduction
- Image formation by Concave Mirror
- Uses of Concave Mirror
- Convex Mirror
- Introduction
- Image Formation by Convex Mirror
- Uses of Convex Mirror
- Concave Mirror
- Terms Related to Spherical Mirrors
- Rules for Drawing Ray Diagrams
- Experiment
- Rules for drawing ray diagrams
- Image Formation by Concave Mirror
- Experiment
- Image Formation by Concave Mirror
- Image Formation by Convex Mirror
- Divergence and Convergence of Light
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Distinguishing Concave and Convex Mirrors
- Sign Convention
- General Rules of Cartesian Sign Convention
- Sign Convention for Mirrors
- Sign Convention for Lenses
- Mirror Equation/Formula
- Introduction
- Stepwise Derivation of the Mirror Formula
- Linear Magnification (M) Due to Spherical Mirrors
- Introduction
- Uses of Magnification
12 Study of Sound
- Sound
- Introduction
- Sound waves
- Propagation of Sound
- Introduction
- Experiment 1
- Experiment 2
- Characteristics of a Sound Wave
- Sound Wave
- Parts of a Sound Wave
- Important Sound Wave Properties
- Speed of Sound (Velocity of Sound)
- Introduction
- Activity
- Speed of Sound in Different Media
- Introduction
- Speed of Sound in Gases
- Properties of Sounds
- Properties of Sound
- Activity
- Experiment
- Audibility and Range
- Audibility and Range
- Bats and Their Navigation Mechanism
- Experiment
- Uses of Different Types of Sound
- Reflection of Sound
- Introduction
- Uses of multiple reflection of sound
- Experiment
- Echoes
- Reverberation
- SONAR
- Introduction of SONAR
- Application of SONAR
- Sonography
- Introduction of Sonography and its Working
- Application of Sonography
- Human Ear
- Structure of Human Ear
- Function of Human Ear
13 Carbon : An Important Element
- Carbon: A Versatile Element
- Introduction
- Occurrence of Carbon
- Characteristics of Carbon
- Properties of Carbon
- Physical Properties of Carbon
- Chemical Properties of Carbon
- Allotropy and Allotropes of Carbon
- Allotropy
- Allotropes of Carbon
- Crystalline Allotropes of Carbon: Diamond
- Crystalline Forms
- Diamond
- Uses of Diamond
- Crystalline Allotropes of Carbon: Graphite
- Graphite
- Experiment
- Uses of Graphite
- Crystalline Allotropes of Carbon: Fullerene
- Fullerene
- Uses of Fullerene
- Non-crystalline/Amorphous Forms: Coal
- Introduction
- Coal
- Types of Coal
- Non-crystalline/Amorphous Forms: Charcoal
- Charcoal
- Uses of Coal
- Hydrocarbons
- Introduction
- Properties of Covalent Compounds
- Saturated Hydrocarbons
- Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
- Non-crystalline/Amorphous Forms: Coke
- Coke
- Uses of Coke
- Solubility of Carbon
- Reaction of Carbon
- Reaction of Carbon with Oxygen
- Reaction of limewater with Carbon dioxide
- Carbon Dioxide
- Carbon Dioxide: Properties and Importance
- Experiment
- Physical and Chemical Properties
- Uses of Carbon Dioxide
- Fire Extinguisher
- Introduction
- The Evolution and Functionality of CO₂ Based Fire Extinguishers
- Working and Application
- Methane
- Introduction
- Properties of Methane
- Uses of Methane
- Biogas Plant
- Introduction
- Biogas Production Process
14 Substances in Common Use
- Important Salts in Daily Life
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Properties and Uses of Sodium Chloride
- Introduction
- Properties
- Uses
- Preparation and Uses of Baking Soda
- Introduction
- Properties
- Uses
- Preparation and Uses of Bleaching Powder
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Properties
- Uses
- Preparation and Uses of Washing Soda
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Properties
- Uses
- Some Crystalline Salts
- Crystalline Salts
- Uses of Crystalline Salts
- Soap
- Introduction
- Types of Soaps
- Synthetic Detergents
- Experiment
- Radioactivity
- Discovery of Radioactivity
- Radioactive Substances
- Types of Radiation Emitted by Radioactive Substances
- Nature of Radioactive Radiation
- Characteristics of Alpha, Beta and Gamma Rays
- Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
- Introduction
- Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
- Hazards of Radioactive Substances and Radiation
- Hazards
- The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster: Impact and Consequences
- Chemical Substances in Day to Day Life
- Food Colours and Essences
- Food Colours
- Types of Food Colours
- Harmful Effects of Artificial Food Colours
- Essence
- Dye
- Dye and its Types
- Uses and Adverse Effects of Dyes
- Artificial Colours
- Introduction
- Harmful Effects
- Deodorant
- Deodorant and its Types
- Harmful Effects
- Teflon
- Teflon and its Properties
- Uses of Teflon
- Powder Coating
- Anodizing
- Ceramic
- Introduction
- Process of Making Ceramic Articles
- Types of Ceramic
15 Life Processes in Living Organisms
- Transportation in Living Organisms
- Transportation in Plant
- Transportation of Water in Plants
- Root Pressure
- Transpiration Pull
- Experiment
- Transportation of Food and Other Substances in Plants
- Introduction
- Working of Translocation
- Excretion
- Introduction
- Excretion in Plants
- Experiment
- Excretion in Human
- Formation of Urine
- Artificial kidney (Hemodialysis)
- Excretion in Plants
- Introduction
- Excretory Products in Plants
- Human Excretory System
- Introduction
- Human Excretory System Organs
- Excretion in Humans
- Mechanism of Excretion in Humans
- Dialysis
- Dialysis and Artificial Kidney
- Dialysis
- Types of Dialysis
- Control and Co-ordination
- Control and Co-ordination in Plants
- Introduction
- Tropic Movement
- Nastic Movement
- Control and Co-ordination in Human Being
- Nervous Control
- Introduction
- Neurons (Nerve Cells)
- Types of Nerve Cells/Neurons
- Human Nervous System
- Introduction
- Components of Nervous System
- Neuron
- Need of Nervous System
- Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Central Nervous System
- Different regions of Brain and its functions
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- Peripheral Nervous System
- Types of PNS
- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Reflex Action
- Chemical Control
- Introduction
- Role of Endocrine Glands and Hormones
- Endocrine Glands: Location and Important Functions
16 Heredity and Variation
- Heredity or Inheritance
- Inherited Traits and Expression of Traits
- Introduction
- Expression of Traits
- Chromosomes - The Carriers of Heredity
- Discovery of Chromosomes
- Chromosomes
- Variation in Chromosome Number (ploidy)
- Structure of a Chromosome
- Types of Chromosomes
- Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Its Structure
- The Discovery of DNA
- Introduction of DNA
- Composition of DNA
- Genes: The Functional Units of Heredity
- Seeds of Technology
- Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
- Introduction of RNA
- Types of RNA and Their Functions
- Gregor Johann Mendel – Father of Genetics
- Mendelian Inheritance - Mendel’s Law of Heredity
- Mendel’s Principles of Heredity
- Mendelian inheritance - Mendel’s Laws of Heredity
- Monohybrid Cross
- Monohybrid Cross
- Representation of a Gene
- Dihybrid Cross
- Dihybrid Cross
- Reasons for Mendel’s Success
- Reciprocal Cross
- Genetic Disorders
- Genetic Disorders
- Examples of Genetic Disorders
- Disorders Due to Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Introduction
- Diagnosis and Management
- Diseases Occuring Due to Mutation in Single Gene (Monogenic Disorders)
- Introduction
- Albinism
- Types of Albinism
- Sickle-Cell Anaemia
- Overview of Sickle-Cell Anaemia
- Mitochondrial Disorder
- Introduction
- Causes and Symptoms
- Management of Mitochondrial Disorders
- Disorders Due to Mutations in Multiple Genes : (Polygenic Disorders)
- Introduction
- Causes of Polygenic Disorders
- Prevention and Management
17 Introduction to Biotechnology
- Tissues - “The Teams of Workers”
- Introduction
- Differences Between Plant and Animal Tissues
- Animal Tissues
- Epithelial Tissue
- Introduction
- Simple Epithelium Tissue
- Compound Epithelial Tissue
- Connective Tissue
- Introduction
- Loose Connective Tissue
- Dense Connective Tissue
- Specialized Connective Tissue
- Muscular Tissue
- Introduction
- Types of Muscular Tissue
- Nervous Tissue
- Introduction
- Structure of a Neuron
- Epithelial Tissue
- Plant Tissues
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Meristems or Meristematic Tissues
- Introduction
- Types of Meristematic Tissue
- Permanent Tissue
- Simple Permanent Tissues (Supporting Tissue)
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Types of Simple Permanent Tissues
- Complex Permanent Tissues
- Introduction
- Types of Complex Permanent Tissues
- Simple Permanent Tissues (Supporting Tissue)
- Biotechnology
- Tissue Culture
- Definition
- Introduction
- Tissue Culture Stages
- Processes in Tissue Culture
- Changes in Agricultural Management Due to Biotechnology
- Application of Biotechnology in Floriculture, Nurseries and Forestry
- Floriculture, Nurseries and Forestry
- Application of Biotechnology in Floriculture, Nurseries, and Forestry
- Agritourism
- Introduction
- Economic Benefits
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock)
- Agro-Complementary Occupations
- Animal Husbandry
- Dairy Farming
- Proper Care for Optimal Yield
- Dairy Farm Management
- Protecting the Cattle from Diseases
- Livestock Management: Sheep, Goats, and Horses
- Poultry Farming
- Poultry Farm Management
- Components of Poultry Farm Management
- Egg and Broiler Production
- Poultry Disease
- Sericulture
- Introduction
- The Life Cycle of Silk Worm
18 Observing Space : Telescopes
- Introduction to Observation of Space
- Different Forms of Light
- Telescope
- Introduction
- Working
- Function
- Types of Telescope: Optical Telescope
- Optical Telescopes
- Refracting and Reflecting Telescopes
- Types of Reflecting Telescopes
- Types of Telescope: Radio Telescope
- Types of Telescope: Telescopes Used in Space
- Introduction
- The Role of Space Telescopes
- Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)
- ISRO
- Satellite Launching and Applications
- Earth Observation and Disaster Management
- Space Exploration Milestones
- Cost-Effective Innovations and Societal Impact
- Astrosat
- Introduction
- Purpose and Research Goals
- Instruments on Board
- Achievements and Impact
