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प्रश्न
Characteristics of planning.
State any four characteristics of planning.
उत्तर
The following points highlight the characteristics of planning:
- Objective-oriented: Planning serves as a basis for all other functions. It helps in determining what goals are to be achieved and how those goals are to be achieved. Every management should formulate plans keeping specific goals in mind.
- Stepping stone: Planning acts as the stepping stone in the success of any organisation. This means that planning precedes all other functions like organising, directing, staffing and controlling. This is because plans state the objectives and all other functions are in accordance with those objectives.
- Pervasive: Planning must be done at all levels of an organisation. It is not just a function of the top-level managers; it should be performed at every level of management. However, its scope differs along the various dimensions of a business.
- Continuous: Planning should be done continuously. This is because after the completion of one planned project, a need arises for the formulation of another plan, keeping in view new objectives and circumstances.
- Choice-making: Planning is a process of making choices among different alternatives available for the attainment of the desired objectives. These alternatives are based on the path to be taken and strategies or policies to be used for the achievement of goals.
- Forward-looking: Since planning is done to accomplish certain goals in the future, it is future-focused. It focuses on anticipating and getting ready for upcoming chances, difficulties, and unknowns.
- Flexible: Plans need to be able to alter as the internal and external environment does. Plans may need to be updated, modified, or realigned when circumstances change and new information becomes available in order to stay applicable and efficient.
Notes
Students should refer to the answer according to their questions.
संबंधित प्रश्न
A process where managers instruct, guide, and communicate with employees.
Answer the following question:
Saurabh decided to start a chocolate manufacturing business. He set then a target of earning 10% profit on sales in the first year. As a good businessman, he was concerned about the future of the business, which was uncertain. He gathered information that the demand for chocolates is increasing day-by-day. He used this information as the base for future planning and shared it with his team. On the basis of the gathered information, he scheduled a meeting in the following week to find innovative ways to achieve the objectives.
List the first two steps, which have been followed by Saurabh that are related to the process of one of the functions of management.
What is meant by co-ordination?
Statement with reasons whether the following statements are True or False:
Planning has no vital importance in the process of management.
Importance of staffing.
Write short notes
Importance of organising.
Dr. Deming developed the concept of _________
Formulating a plan is the main function of ........................ management.
Management is a series of continuous interrelated functions. Comment.
Select the proper option from the options given below and rewrite the complete sentence :
A process to establish harmony among different activities to achieve desired result is ________.
Select the proper option from the options given below and rewrite the complete sentence :
The last function in managerial process is ________.
Select the proper option from the options given below and rewrite the complete sentence :
Deciding in advance as what is to done, when it is to be done and who is to do it is ________ function of management.
Write a word or a phrase or a term which can substitute the following :
A process where standards are set, actual performance is measured and corrective action is taken.
Write a word or a phrase or a term which can substitute the following :
A management function which decides in advance as to what to do, how to do, when to do and who is to do.
Distinguish Between the following:
Coordination & controlling.
Distinguish Between the following:
Planning & controlling.
Distinguish Between the following:
Planning & Directing.
Write Short Note on the following:
Importance of Controlling
Write Short Note on the following:
Nature of organising.
Write short answer of the following :
Why is Directing an important function of Management?
Write short answer of the following :
Discuss the meaning and nature of co-ordination
Answer the following Question:
What do you mean by Staffing and give its importance?
Answer the following Question:
Define Control and give its importance.
State with reasons whether the following statement TRUE or FALSE.
Staffing is just to determine the number of people required in the organization.
State with reasons whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE :
Corrective action is not possible through controlling.
Staffing and Controlling
Planning is beneficial to all. In light of this statement, discuss the importance of planning.
State Whether the Following Statement Is True Or False (Give Reason).
The direction is connecting and activating links between various functions of management.
State Whether the Following Statement Is True Or False (Give Reason).
Planning and controlling are mutually interdependent.
What out of the following has been called the essence of management?
Read the following text and answer the questions given below:
Vinay was the Chief Operating Officer of 'Easy Solutions Ltd.', a company providing advanced software solutions to Indian Defence Services. They had been carrying on business successfully for the last twelve years and earning enough profits. But from the last one year, they realised that though the business is getting big orders which are being fulfilled on time, even then the revenues kept on decreasing. Vinay was not-able to find out where the problem was. He started keeping a close check on the progress of activities as he could sense that something was wrong. He wanted to take some action before any major damage could be done to the business. Vinay appointed a cyber security expert who monitored the company's processes and found out that the computer operator was deleting the entries from the computers and pocketing the revenues. He was caught and handed over to the police. This created an atmosphere of order and discipline in the organisation and helped in minimizing dishonest behaviour on the part of the employees.
Which management function proved helpful in creating an atmosphere of order and discipline in the organisation and helped in minimizing dishonest behaviour on the part of the employees?
Under which of the following function of management, employees are guided and inspired:
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Asha is living in a small village in Rajasthan. Her mother has good culinary skills. Inspired by her mother she joined a course in 'Food and Beverages Production' in Jaipur. After completing her course she asked her mother to open a sweets shop in Jaipur, to which her mother agreed. The business was doing well and had started growing. To expand her business she felt the need for additional personnel. Instead of selecting personnel from any other source she thought of helping her relatives and appointed five of them. But after doing all their efforts she found that none of her relatives were providing satisfactory service leading to lower productivity. Also, the quality of the products started deteriorating. This made Asha realize that the ability of an organisation to achieve its goals depends upon the quality of its human resources. This was ignored by her at the time of selecting the personnel for her expansion of the program. |
- Identify and state the function of management which could have helped Asha at the time of fulfilling her need for additional personnel in the organisation.
- State any three benefits of the function identified in (a) above.
The Government of India in its budget for the financial year of 2021-22 reiterated its support for Electric Vehicle sector. The Government launched several schemes and incentives to boost their demand as well as to motivate manufacturers to invest in the same. Inspired by these incentives and concerned about the environmental impact of gas and diesel- powered engines, Nitin Kothari has set up an electric car manufacturing unit at Bhilwara, He set a target of earning Return on Investment of 10% in the first year itself and forecasted that the demand for electric cars will increase by 20 million in the next few years.
The above case highlights the first two steps of the process of one of the important functions of management.
- Identify the function of management discussed above.
- State the remaining steps required to complete the above process.
Outline any four fundamental characteristics of effective management in a modern business organisation.
