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महाराष्ट्र राज्य शिक्षण मंडळएचएससी वाणिज्य (इंग्रजी माध्यम) इयत्ता १२ वी

Write the dual statement of the following compound statement. 13 is prime number and India is a democratic country. - Mathematics and Statistics

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प्रश्न

Write the dual statement of the following compound statement.

13 is prime number and India is a democratic country.

एका वाक्यात उत्तर

उत्तर

13 is prime number or India is a democratic country.

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पाठ 1: Mathematical Logic - Exercise 1.7 [पृष्ठ १७]

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Write the converse and contrapositive of the statement -
“If two triangles are congruent, then their areas are equal.”


Express the following statement in symbolic form and write its truth value.

"If 4 is an odd number, then 6 is divisible by 3 "


If p and q are true statements and r and s are false statements, find the truth value of the following :
( p ∧  ∼ r ) ∧ ( ∼ q ∧ s )


If   p : It is raining
     q : It is humid

Write the following statements in symbolic form:

(a) It is raining or humid.
(b) If it is raining then it is humid.
(c) It is raining but not humid. 


Using truth table, examine whether the following statement pattern is tautology, contradiction or contingency: p ∨ [∼(p ∧ q)]


Express the following statement in symbolic form and write its truth value.
"If 4 is an odd number, then 6 is divisible by 3."


Show that the following statement pattern in contingency : 

(~p v q) → [p ∧ (q v ~ q)] 


Use the quantifiers to convert the following open sentence defined on N into true statement
5x - 3 < 10


Use the quantifiers to convert the following open sentence defined on N into true statement:
x2 ≥ 1


Prove that the following statement pattern is equivalent:
(p v q) → r and (p → r) ∧ (q → r)


Write the negation of the following statement : 
If the lines are parallel then their slopes are equal.


State if the following sentence is a statement. In case of a statement, write down the truth value :
Every quadratic equation has only real roots.


State if the following sentence is a statement. In case of a statement, write down the truth value :
√-4 is a rational number.


Write converse and inverse of the following statement :
"If Ravi is good in logic then Ravi is good in Mathematics."


By constructing the truth table, determine whether the following statement pattern ls a tautology , contradiction or . contingency.  (p →  q) ∧  (p ∧ ~ q ).


Examine whether the following statement (p ∧ q) ∨ (∼p ∨ ∼q) is a tautology or contradiction or neither of them.


Using the truth table prove the following logical equivalence.

p ↔ q ≡ ∼ [(p ∨ q) ∧ ∼ (p ∧ q)]


Using the truth table prove the following logical equivalence.

(p ∨ q) → r ≡ (p → r) ∧ (q → r)


Using the truth table prove the following logical equivalence.

p → (q ∧ r) ≡ (p → q) ∧ (p → r)


Using the truth table prove the following logical equivalence.

p ∧ (q ∨ r) ≡ (p ∧ q) ∨ (p ∧ r)


Using the truth table prove the following logical equivalence.

p → (q ∧ r) ≡ (p ∧ q) (p → r)


Using the truth table proves the following logical equivalence.

∼ (p ↔ q) ≡ (p ∧ ∼ q) ∨ (q ∧ ∼ p)


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology or a contradiction or a contingency.

(p ∧ q) → (q ∨ p)


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology or a contradiction or a contingency.

(p → q) ↔ (∼ p ∨ q)


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology or a contradiction or a contingency.

(p ↔ q) ∧ (p → ∼ q)


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology or a contradiction or a contingency.

∼ (∼ q ∧ p) ∧ q


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology or a contradiction or a contingency.

(∼ p → q) ∧ (p ∧ r)


(p ∧ q) → r is logically equivalent to ________.


Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction, or contingency:

[(p ∨ q) ∧ ∼p] ∧ ∼q


Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction, or contingency:

(p → q) ∧ (p ∧ ∼q)


Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction or contingency:

[p → (q → r)] ↔ [(p ∧ q) → r]


Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction or contingency:

(p ∧ q) ∨ (∼p ∧ q) ∨ (p ∨ ∼q) ∨ (∼p ∧ ∼q)


Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction or contingency:

[(p ∨ ∼q) ∨ (∼p ∧ q)] ∧ r


Prepare truth tables for the following statement pattern.

p → (~ p ∨ q)


Prepare truth tables for the following statement pattern.

(p ∧ r) → (p ∨ ~ q)


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, a contradiction or a contingency.

(p ∧ ~ q) → (~ p ∧ ~ q)


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, a contradiction or a contingency.

~ p → (p → ~ q)


Prove that the following statement pattern is a tautology.

(p → q) ↔ (~ q → ~ p)


Prove that the following statement pattern is a tautology.

(~ p ∨ ~ q) ↔ ~ (p ∧ q)


If p is any statement then (p ∨ ∼p) is a ______.


Prove that the following statement pattern is a contradiction.

(p ∧ q) ∧ (~p ∨ ~q)


Fill in the blanks :

Inverse of statement pattern p ↔ q is given by –––––––––.


Show that the following statement pattern is contingency.

(p∧~q) → (~p∧~q)


Show that the following statement pattern is contingency.

p ∧ [(p → ~ q) → q]


Using the truth table, verify.

p ∨ (q ∧ r) ≡ (p ∨ q) ∧ (p ∨ r)


Using the truth table, verify

~(p → ~q) ≡ p ∧ ~ (~ q) ≡ p ∧ q


Using the truth table, verify

~(p ∨ q) ∨ (~ p ∧ q) ≡ ~ p


Prove that the following pair of statement pattern is equivalent.

p ↔ q and (p → q) ∧ (q → p)


Prove that the following pair of statement pattern is equivalent.

p → q and ~ q → ~ p and ~ p ∨ q


Prove that the following pair of statement pattern is equivalent.

~(p ∧ q) and ~p ∨ ~q


Write the dual of the following:

(p ∨ q) ∨ r


Write the dual of the following:

p ∨ (q ∨ r) ≡ (p ∨ q) ∨ r


Write the dual of the following:

~(p ∧ q) ≡ ~ p ∨ ~ q


Write the dual statement of the following compound statement.

Karina is very good or everybody likes her.


Write the dual statement of the following compound statement.

Radha and Sushmita cannot read Urdu.


Write the negation of the following statement.

All the stars are shining if it is night.


Write the negation of the following statement.

∃ n ∈ N, (n2 + 2) is odd number.


Write the negation of the following statement.

Some continuous functions are differentiable.


Using the rules of negation, write the negation of the following:

(p → r) ∧ q


Using the rules of negation, write the negation of the following:

~(p ∨ q) → r


With proper justification, state the negation of the following.

(p → q) ∧ r


Construct the truth table for the following statement pattern.

(p ∧ ~ q) ↔ (q → p)


What is tautology? What is contradiction?
Show that the negation of a tautology is a contradiction and the negation of a contradiction is a tautology.


Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction, or contingency.

[~(p ∧ q) → p] ↔ [(~p) ∧ (~q)]


Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction, or contingency.

[p → (~q ∨ r)] ↔ ~[p → (q → r)]


Using the truth table, prove the following logical equivalence.

p ∧ (q ∨ r) ≡ (p ∧ q) ∨ (p ∧ r)


Using the truth table, prove the following logical equivalence.

[~(p ∨ q) ∨ (p ∨ q)] ∧ r ≡ r


Using the truth table, prove the following logical equivalence.

p ↔ q ≡ ~(p ∧ ~q) ∧ ~(q ∧ ~p)


Using the truth table, prove the following logical equivalence.

~p ∧ q ≡ [(p ∨ q)] ∧ ~p


Write the converse, inverse, contrapositive of the following statement.

If 2 + 5 = 10, then 4 + 10 = 20.


Write the converse, inverse, contrapositive of the following statement.

If a man is bachelor, then he is happy.


State the dual of the following statement by applying the principle of duality.

p ∨ (q ∨ r) ≡ ~[(p ∧ q) ∨ (r ∨ s)]


Express the truth of the following statement by the Venn diagram.

Some members of the present Indian cricket are not committed.


Write the converse and contrapositive of the following statements.

“If a function is differentiable then it is continuous”


Write the dual of the following

(p ˄ ∼q) ˅ (∼p ˄ q) ≡ (p ˅ q) ˄ ∼(p ˄ q)


The contrapositive of p → ~ q is ______


Examine whether the statement pattern

[p → (~ q ˅ r)] ↔ ~[p → (q → r)] is a tautology, contradiction or contingency.


Complete the truth table.

p q r q → r r → p (q → r) ˅ (r → p)
T T T T `square` T
T T F F `square` `square`
T F T T `square` T
T F F T `square` `square`
F T T `square` F T
F T F `square` T `square`
F F T `square` F T
F F F `square` T `square`

The given statement pattern is a `square`


If p → (∼p v q) is false, then the truth values of p and q are respectively


The statement pattern (p ∧ q) ∧ [~ r v (p ∧ q)] v (~ p ∧ q) is equivalent to ______. 


The equivalent form of the statement ~(p → ~ q) is ______.


Write the negation of the following statement:

(p `rightarrow` q) ∨ (p `rightarrow` r)


Show that the following statement pattern is a contingency:

(p→q)∧(p→r)


If p → q is true and p ∧ q is false, then the truth value of ∼p ∨ q is ______


Examine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology or a contradiction or a contingency.

(p ∧ q) → (q ∨ p)


In the triangle PQR, `bar(PQ) = 2bara and bar(QR)` = `2 bar(b)` . The mid-point of PR is M. Find following vectors in terms of `bar(a) and bar(b)` .

  1. `bar(PR)`  
  2. `bar(PM)`
  3. `bar(QM)`

If p, q are true statements and r, s are false statements, then find the truth value of ∼ [(p ∧ ∼ r) ∨ (∼ q ∨ s)].


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