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Question
A factory makes tennis rackets and cricket bats. A tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine time and 3 hours of craftman's time in its making while a cricket bat takes 3 hours of machine time and 1 hour of craftman's time. In a day, the factory has the availability of not more than 42 hours of machine time and 24 hours of craftman's time.
(i) What number of rackets and bats must be made if the factory is to work at full capacity?
(ii) If the profit on a racket and on a bat is Rs 20 and Rs 10 respectively, find the maximum profit of the factory when it works at full capacity.
Solution
Let x number of tennis rackets and y number of cricket bats were sold.
Number of tennis rackets and cricket balls cannot be negative.
Therefore , \[x \geq 0, y \geq 0\]
It is given that a tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine time and 3 hours of craftman's time in its making while a cricket bat takes 3 hours of machine time and 1 hour of craftman's time.
Also, the factory has the availability of not more than 42 hours of machine time and 24 hours of craftman's time. Therefore,
\[1 \cdot 5x + 3y \leq 42\]
\[3x + y \leq 24\]
If the profit on a racket and on a bat is Rs 20 and Rs 10 respectively.Therefore, profit made on x tennis rackets and y cricket bats is Rs 20x and Rs 10y respectively.
Total profit = Z = 20x + 10y
The mathematical form of the given LPP is:
Maximize Z = 20x + 10y
Subject to constraints:
\[1 \cdot 5x + 3y \leq 42\]
\[3x + y \leq 24\]
First we will convert inequations into equations as follows:
1.5x + 3y = 42, 3x + y = 24, x = 0 and y = 0
Region represented by 1.5x + 3y ≤ 42:
The line 1.5x + 3y = 42 meets the coordinate axes at A(28, 0) and B(0, 14) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the line 1.5x + 3y = 42. Clearly, (0, 0) satisfies the 1.5x + 3y = 42. So, the region which contains the origin represents the solution set of the inequation 1.5x + 3y ≤ 42.
Region represented by 3x + y ≤ 24:
The line 3x + y = 24 meets the coordinate axes at C(8, 0) and D(0, 24) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the line 3x + y = 24. Clearly, (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 3x + y ≤ 24. So, the region which contains the origin represents the solution set of the inequation 3x + y ≤ 24.
Region represented by x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0:
Since, every point in the first quadrant satisfies these inequations. So, the first quadrant is the region represented by the inequations x ≥ 0, and y ≥ 0.
The feasible region determined by the system of constraints 1.5x + 3y ≤ 42, 3x + y ≤ 24, x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 are as follows.
In the above graph, the shaded region is the feasible region.
The corner points are O(0, 0), B(0, 14), E(4, 12), and C(8, 0).
The values of the objective function Z at corner points of the feasible region are given in the following table:
|
Corner Points |
Z = 20x +10y |
|
| O(0, 0) | 0 | |
|
B(0, 14) |
140 |
|
|
E(4, 12) |
200 |
← Maximum |
|
C(8, 0) |
160 |
Clearly, Z is maximum at x = 4 and y = 12 and the maximum value of Z at this point is 200.
(i) 4 tennis rackets and 12 cricket bats must be made if the factory is to work at full capacity.
(ii) The maximum profit of the factory when it works at full capacity is Rs 200.
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