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Question
A particle of mass 1 kg, tied to a 1.2 m long string is whirled to perform the vertical circular motion, under gravity. The minimum speed of a particle is 5 m/s. Consider the following statements.
P) Maximum speed must be `5sqrt5` m/s.
Q) Difference between maximum and minimum tensions along the string is 60 N.
Select the correct option.
Options
Only the statement P is correct.
Only the statement Q is correct.
Both the statements are correct.
Both the statements are incorrect.
Solution
Only the statement Q is correct.
Explanation:
The minimum speed of the particle = `v_"A"` = 5 m/s
The length of the string (h) = 2.4 m
The radius (l) = 1.2 m
The mass of the particle, m = 1 kg
Conserving energy between A and B
`=> 1/2 mv_"A"^2 + mgh = 1/2mv_"B"^2 + 0`
`=> v_"A"^2 + 2gh = v_"B"^2`
`=> 5^2 + 2 xx 9.8 xx 2.4 = v_"B"^2`
`=> v_"B"^2 = 72`
`=> v_"B" = sqrt72` m/s
At point B,
`T_B - mg = (mv_"B"^2)/r`
`T_B = (mv_"B"^2)/r + mg` ...(1)
At point A,
`T_A + mg = (mv_"A"^2)/r`
`T_A = (mv_"A"^2)/r - mg` ...(2)
`T_B - T_A = ((mv_"B"^2)/r + mg) - ((mv_"A"^2)/r - mg)`
`= m/r (v_"B"^2 - v_"A"^2) + 2mg`
`= 1/1.2 (72 - 25) + 2(1)(9.8)`
= 60 N
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