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Syllabus

Economic Activities in Brazil

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Topics

  • Agriculture
  • Mining
  • Fishing

Notes

Economic Activities in Brazil

Agriculture

  • Agriculture is the primary occupation of people living in Brazil's highlands and coastal areas. A variety of crops can be grown due to the favourable climate and topography.
  • Rice and maize are the most important cereal crops. Maize production is primarily concentrated in the central region. Commercial crops such as coffee, cocoa, rubber, soyabean, and sugarcane are grown extensively.
  • Brazil is the world's largest exporter of coffee and soyabean. Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo are the two most important coffee-growing states in Brazil.
  • Apart from these crops, fruits such as bananas, pineapples, oranges, and other citrus fruits are grown. Cattle, sheep, and goats are also reared in the southern Savannah grasslands. As a result, meat and dairy products are produced abundantly.

Mining 

  • The eastern region of Brazil is rich in minerals such as iron ore, manganese, nickel, copper, bauxite, tungsten, and diamonds and so on. Inaccessibility, lack of knowledge of potential reserves of resources, dense forests, and other factors have led to limitations in mining in the country's interior. Nonetheless, due to increased demand in the country, mining work has developed well in the highland region.

Fishing 

  • Brazil has a 7,400-kilometer-long coastline with excellent fishing grounds off the South Atlantic coast.
  • The meeting of the warm Brazil current and the cold Falkland current off the coast of south-east Brazil makes it an excellent fishing ground.
  • Small groups of individual fishermen have traditionally fished using ancient techniques and equipment. Large vessels, however, are now being used. The most common species caught are swordfish, shrimp, lobsters, and sardines.
  • The Amazon River's fish resources are underutilised, and fishing takes place on a small scale.

Example

Which type of occupations gives a boost to the development of a country’s economy?

Economic development occurs when the national income and per capita income of the county rises. The rise in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is due to the increasing economic activities. But a boost in the national income would be with the improvement of the secondary and tertiary sector. The history of all the developed countries shows that their development is by the improvement of both the secondary and the tertiary sector. The primary sector will contribute to the development of the country only in the initial stages. Only with the transition to the secondary sectors like manufacturing and the service sector the economy can achieve growth. To achieve economic development, the economy would have to provide basic necessities to the people and improve their standard of living.

Example

Look at the map given below. The major primary occupations in Brazil are shown here. Discuss the following points and write your observations in the notebook.
  1. In which part of Brazil is coffee mainly produced?
  2. Which food crops are mainly grown in Brazil?
  3. Can you relate the production of these crops with the climate there?
  4. Where are the rubber plantations concentrated?
  5. Complete the table.
    Type of crops Crops  Areas of production 
    Food crops    
    Cash Crops     
    Fruits and Vegetables     
  1. Coffee is mainly produced in the South and South-east part of Brazil.

  2. Rice, soyabean and corn are the food crops mainly produced in Brazil.

  3. Brazil has a wide range of climatic variation. Rice requires hot and humid climate with heavy rainfall. So it is grown in the coastal region. Corn grows well in the central parts of Brazil, because the climate there is hot and dry.
  4. The rubber plantations are concentrated in the north western part in the Amazon River Basin area.
  5. Type of crops Crops  Areas of production 
    Food crops Corn / Maize Central
    Rice coastal region
    Cash Crops Coffee South east
    Sugarcane Central, East
    Cocoa East
    Rubber North
    Soyabean South
    Fruits and Vegetables  Bananas coastal region
    Oranges East, Central

Example

Observe the figure and answer the following questions.
  1. Prepare a table of mining products and regions of production in Brazil.
  2. In which part of Brazil has mining activity not developed? What could be the reasons?
  3. Considering the availability of resources, were has the development of industries occurred?
  1. Mining products Regions of production in Brazil
    Manganese North, east
    Bauxite Coastal region
    Iron-Ore Central, south-east
    Coal South
  2. Mining has not developed in the western part of Brazil due to inaccessibility, lack of knowledge of potential reserves of resources and dense forests.
  3. Considering the availability of resources development has occurred mainly in the coastal regions of north-east and south-east of Brazil.

Example

Answer the questions on the basis of given figure
  1. Can you give two reasons of concentration of fishing near the south-eastern coast of Brazil?
  2. Inland fishing is not developed in Brazil though there is large number of rivers in Brazil. Can you think of a reason?
  1. Fishing is done on a large scale near the south-eastern coast of Brazil as it is the region where the warm Brazil current and the cold Falkland current meet making the conditions favourable for it to develop as a good fishing ground.
  2. The Amazon River Basin is very vast with a dense growth of equatorial forests, making it largely inaccessible. The methods of inland fishing followed are quite traditional and primitive. These are some of the reasons why inland fishing is not developed in Brazil, though there are large number of rivers.

Example

Name the warm and cold ocean currents near Brazilian coasts.

Warm ocean current: Brazil current and Cold ocean current: Falkland current

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Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [13]

The following images are related to agricultural activities. Identify and write whether they are practised in Brazil or India.

Look at the map given below. The major primary occupations in Brazil are shown here. Discuss the following points and write your observations in the notebook.
  1. In which part of Brazil is coffee mainly produced?
  2. Which food crops are mainly grown in Brazil?
  3. Can you relate the production of these crops with the climate there?
  4. Where are the rubber plantations concentrated?
  5. Complete the table.
    Type of crops Crops  Areas of production 
    Food crops    
    Cash Crops     
    Fruits and Vegetables     

Name the warm and cold ocean currents near Brazilian coasts.

Observe the following graph and answer the questions given below:

 

  1. In which decade did the Indian trade contribution to GDP overtake that of Brazil?
  2. According to the graph, what is the highest percentage contribution to the GDP of Indian trade?
  3. What was the condition of Indian trade in the decade of 1960-70?
  4. In which decade did trade in Brazil suffer badly?
  5. How has Indian trade performed in the years 2010-16?
  6. What has been the contribution of Brazilian trade to the GDP in the years 2010-16?

Observe the figure and answer the following questions.
  1. Prepare a table of mining products and regions of production in Brazil.
  2. In which part of Brazil has mining activity not developed? What could be the reasons?
  3. Considering the availability of resources, were has the development of industries occurred?

Give geographical reasons.

India's agriculture contributes more to our GDP than agriculture in Brazil.

Which major crop is exported from Brazil?

Why has mining not developed in the western part of Brazil?

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