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Basics of Transformers

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  • Construction
  • Working

Transformers

A transformer has two inductors: the primary winding, which receives AC from an external source, and the secondary winding, where voltage is induced. It transfers AC between high and low voltages. 

Construction & Working 

 

The winding which is normally connected to the mains is called as 'Primary winding' and  other winding across which output is obtained is called 'Secondary Winding' Both windings are wound on a core, which is laminated type. 

Working: When AC voltage is applied to the primary winding, it generates changing magnetic flux. The nearby secondary winding cuts this flux, inducing voltage as per Faraday's law. The induced voltage depends on the primary and secondary turns, determined by the turns ratio.  

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