Topics
Electronic Components/ Study of Components and Circuits
- Introduction to Electronic Components
- Classification Of Components
- Resistors
- Types of Resistors
- Capacitors
- Types of Capacitors
- Inductors
- Basics of Transformers
- Basics of Semiconductor Devices
- PN Junction Diode
- Half Wave Rectifier
- Types of diodes
- Transistors
- Transistor Amplifier
- Basic of Transistor as a Switch
- Switch Mode power Supply (SMPS)
- Classification of IC’S
Logic Gates and Sequential Circuit
- Introduction of Logic gates and sequential circuits
- Basics of Logic Gates
- Types of gates
- Odd/Even Parity
- DE-MORGAN'S Theorem
- NAND Gate is an Universal Building Block
- HALF ADDER AND FULL ADDER
- Multiplexers
- Demultiplexer
- Encoder
- Decoder
- FLIP-FLOPS
- Counters
- Shift Registers
Functional Hardware of Pc
Peripheral Devices
- Introduction I/O Devices and Drives
- Floppy disk and floppy Drive
- Hard-Disk Drive
- CD and CD-ROM Drive
I/O Devices and Drives
Floppy disk and floppy Drive
A floppy disk is a round plastic disk coated with magnetized material, made of Mylar with iron dioxide. It has two read/write surfaces, each divided into 80 tracks and sectors storing 512 bytes each. Floppy disks come in 1.2 MB (5.25 inch) and 1.44 MB (3.5 inch) sizes.
Advantages:
- Direct information encoding onto disk.
- Easily transportable and Relatively cheap
- Multi-purpose i.e., it is used for storage, input and output.
- One can reuse many times like audiotape.
Disadvantages:
- Floppy disks are to be handled carefully.
- Adverse environmental conditions such as heat, dust, humidity etc easily damage them.
Hard-Disk Drive
A hard disk drive consists of rigid metal or glass disks called platters, stacked inside a sealed unit. Each side of each platter has a read/write head like a floppy disk. Hard disks can be thought of as multiple floppy disks stacked together, with corresponding tracks on each platter forming a cylinder. Hard disks typically have multiple read/write heads attached to an actuator arm, allowing simultaneous positioning. To read a sector, the head moves to the desired track and waits for the sector to rotate underneath.
Seek time: Time to move to a specific cylinder.
Latency time: Time to wait for the sector to rotate under the head.
CD and CD-ROM Drive
Compact disks (CDs) are optical storage media read with laser light. They have a single spiral track from the inside to the edge, with each file as one track. CDs are widely used for software storage and connected to computers via IDE, SCSI, EIDE, or parallel ports. CDs, with large storage capacity, are commonly used for audio and video recording. They store data in binary form and are read-only, recorded during manufacturing by laser. CDs are reliable for permanent data storage, offering better quality than audio cassettes but are more expensive and delicate.
