Topics
Electronic Components/ Study of Components and Circuits
- Introduction to Electronic Components
- Classification Of Components
- Resistors
- Types of Resistors
- Capacitors
- Types of Capacitors
- Inductors
- Basics of Transformers
- Basics of Semiconductor Devices
- PN Junction Diode
- Half Wave Rectifier
- Types of diodes
- Transistors
- Transistor Amplifier
- Basic of Transistor as a Switch
- Switch Mode power Supply (SMPS)
- Classification of IC’S
Logic Gates and Sequential Circuit
- Introduction of Logic gates and sequential circuits
- Basics of Logic Gates
- Types of gates
- Odd/Even Parity
- DE-MORGAN'S Theorem
- NAND Gate is an Universal Building Block
- HALF ADDER AND FULL ADDER
- Multiplexers
- Demultiplexer
- Encoder
- Decoder
- FLIP-FLOPS
- Counters
- Shift Registers
Functional Hardware of Pc
Peripheral Devices
- Introduction to input devices
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Scanner
Input Devices
Keyboard(Input Device)
A keyboard is a common online input device like a typewriter, allowing input of alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z in both cases) and control keys like Shift, Spacebar, and Enter. Keyboards come in two main types: 84 keys and 101 keys (enhanced). The enhanced keyboard, more popular with PCs, includes additional keys such as:
(i)Arrows (Home, PgUp, PgDn, End)
(ii)Function keys (F1 to F12)
(iii)Editing keys (Backspace, Delete, Insert)
(iv)Modifier keys (Shift, Alt, Control)
(v)Enter and other special keys.
It converts each key press into an ASCII code stored in binary form and requires an interface for connection and conversion.
Switch/Contact Design
According to mechanism of switch contact design there are basic two kinds of keyboards
- Switch based: In switch-based keyboards, there is a micro switch for each key on the keyboard. Switches can become dirty, but its replacement is easy.
- Capacitive type: At the bottom of the keyboard is a large capacitive surface. Each key press pushes a spring, which in turn presses a paddle onto this surface. The surface sends a signal interpreted by an 8048 microprocessor in the keyboard, which then sends a scan code to the PC for interpretation.
Mouse
A mouse is a pointing input device with two or three buttons and a rubber ball at its bottom. It tracks movement on the X and Y axes using two perpendicular wheels and requires menu-driven software like Windows for operation.
Scanner
A scanner converts documents, photos, and images into computer data for editing or printing. Available in color, it offers high resolution (1200 DPI and above) and comes in three types: handheld, flatbed, and paper-feed. It detects ink using an optical character reader and detects the presence of ink. In case of a Photograph, it scans dot by dot and stores it as an editable image.
