Topics
The Living World: Adaptations and Classification
- Biodiversity
- Adaptations and Its Types
- Adaptations of Plants
- Adaptation in Aquatic Plants (Hydrophytes)
- Adaptation in Desert Plants (Xerophytes)
- Adaptation in plants of snowy regions
- Adaptation in Forest Plants
- Adaptation in Grassland Plants (Mesophytes)
- Adaptation for Ingestion of Food in Plants
- Adaptation in Animals
- Adaptation in Aquatic Animals
- Adaptation in Forest and Grassland Animals
- Adaptation in Desert Animals
- Adaptation in animals of snowy regions
- Adaptation in Aerial Animals
- Adaptation in Reptiles
- Adaptation for Food in Animals
- Adaptation for Blending with the Surroundings
- Classification of Living Organisms
- Taxonomic Hierarchy of Living Organisms: Unit of Classification
- Nomenclature
Plants: Structure and Function
Properties of Natural Resources
Nutrition in Living Organisms
- Nutrients and Nutrition
- Autotrophic Plants
- Symbiotic Plants
- Heterotrophic Plants
- Insectivorous Plants
- Saprophytic Plants
- Role of nutrients and effects of their deficiency on plants
- Transport System in Plants
- Nitrogen Fixation
- Nutrition in Animals
- Mode of Nutrition in Animals
- Holozoic Nutrition
- Saprozoic Nutrition
- Parasitic Nutrition
Food Safety
Measurement of Physical Quantities
Motion, Force and Work
Static Electricity
Heat
Disaster Management
Cell Structure and Micro-organisms
- Cell: Structural and Functional Unit of Life
- Measurement and observation of cells
- Plant Cell and Animal Cell
- Structure of the Cell
- Cell Wall - “Supporter and Protector”
- Plasma Membrane
- Cytoplasm - “Area of Movement”
- Nucleus - “Brain” of the Cell
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- Golgi Apparatus - "The delivery system of the cell"
- Lysosome - “Suicidal Bag”
- Mitochondria - “Power House of the Cell”
- Non-living Substances Or Cell Inclusion
- Plastids
- Microorganisms (Microbes) and Microbiology
- Useful micro-organisms
- Harmful Microorganisms
- Pathogens: Disease-producing Micro-organisms
The Muscular System and Digestive System in Human Beings
- Muscular System
- Muscles and Its Types
- Human Digestive System
- The Mouth and Buccal Cavity
- The Teeth and Its Structure
- The Salivary Glands
- The Food Pipe/Oesophagus
- Pharynx/Throat
- The Stomach
- The Small Intestine
- Pancreas
- Liver
- The Large Intestine
- Important Glands of the Digestive System
- Effects of Tobacco, Alcohol, Smoking, on the Digestive System
Changes – Physical and Chemical
- Changes-Physical and Chemical
- Classification of Change: Natural and Man-made Changes
- Classification of Change: Harmful and Useful Changes
- Classification of Change: Slow and Fast Changes
- Classification of Change: Reversible and Irreversible Changes
- Classification of Change: Periodic and Non-periodic Changes
- Classification of Change: Physical Changes
- Classification of Change: Chemical Changes
- Corrosion of Metals
Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
Materials We Use
Natural Resources
Effects of Light
Sound: Production of Sound
Properties of a Magnetic Field
In the World of Stars
- Introduction
- Significance of Forests
Introduction:
Forests are an important renewable resource that plays a major role in the economy of many countries. Forests vary in the types of plants and trees they have, providing food and shelter for many living organisms. They also produce a variety of useful products and help protect the environment. It is estimated that forests cover about 30% of the world's land, while 26% is covered by pastures. Different continents have varying forest coverage.
- Africa has the largest forest area (33%)
- Latin America follows with 25%
- Asia and the former USSR have 14%
- North America has 11%
- European countries have only 3% forest cover
In India, forests cover 20.6% of the total land area as of 2005. Forests are essential for sustaining life, providing resources, and protecting the environment.
Significance of Forests:
Forests provide several benefits that help protect the environment and support life. These benefits are divided into protective functions and productive functions.
1. Protective functions of forests
Forests play a vital role in keeping the environment healthy and balanced. Some of these roles include:
- Preventing soil erosion
- Purifying the air
- Regulating the water cycle
- Reduce the velocity of water flowing over the land
- Reduce the rate of evaporation
- Reducing global warming
- Providing shelter for wildlife
2. Productive functions of forests
Forests also provide valuable products that we use in our daily lives. Some of these products include:
- Wood, timber, Honey and silk
- Fruits, nuts, roots, wax and medicinal plants
- Fibres, paper, rubber, gum, and aromatic substances
- Essential oils from plants like lemon grass, vanilla, kewda, vetiver (khus), and eucalyptus
- Sandalwood and eucalyptus oils for making soaps, cosmetics, and incense sticks
Medicinal plants:
| Plant | Medicinal use for treatment of |
|---|---|
| Adulsa | Cough and cold |
| Bel | Diarrhoea |
| Neem | Fever and cold |
| Periwinkle | Cancer |
| Cinnamon | Diarrhoea, nausea |
| Cinchona | Malaria |
Ways to Conserve Forests:
- Avoid cutting young trees (Controlled Deforestation)
- Plant more trees than those that are cut and take care of them (Afforestation)
- Follow forest protection laws strictly to prevent overuse of resources
- Protect against forest fires
