Pharynx/Throat

The pharynx is a muscular tube located at the back of the mouth and nose. It serves as a passage for both food and air, connecting the mouth and nasal cavity to the oesophagus (food pipe) and trachea (windpipe). It plays a key role in the digestive and respiratory systems.

• The pharynx lies behind the mouth and nasal cavity. It connects the mouth to the oesophagus and the nasal cavity to the trachea.
• The oesophagus (food pipe) opens into the pharynx to allow the movement of food into the stomach.
• The trachea (windpipe) also opens into the pharynx to let air pass into the lungs.

1. Passage for Food and Air: The pharynx allows food to pass into the oesophagus and air into the trachea. It serves as a common pathway for both digestion and breathing.
2. Prevents Choking: When you swallow, a small flap called the epiglottis covers the trachea to prevent food from entering the windpipe, which could cause choking. This ensures that food goes to the stomach and air to the lungs.
3. Involved in Swallowing: The pharynx helps in swallowing by pushing food from the mouth to the oesophagus.
4. Role in Breathing and Speech: It directs air from the nose and mouth to the trachea for breathing. It also plays a role in speech, as air passing through the pharynx helps produce sounds.