Heat and change of physical state - Concept of Sublimation

Topics

Matter in Our Surroundings
- Matter (Substance)
- Characteristics of Particles (Molecules) of Matter
- The Solid State
- The Liquid State
- The Gaseous State
- Plasma
- Bose-einstein Condensate
- Heat and change of physical state
- Concept of Evaporation
- Concept of Melting (Fusion)
- Concept of Boiling (Vaporization)
- Concept of Sublimation
- Concept of Freezing (Solidification)
- Concept of Condensation (Liquefaction)
- Concept of Desublimation (Deposition)
Is Matter Around Us Pure
Atoms and Molecules
Structure of the Atom
- Existence of Charged Particles in Matter
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- Discovery of Charged Particles in Matter
- Protons (p)
- Electrons (e)
- Neutrons (n)
- J. J. Thomson’s Atomic Model
- Advantage and Limitations of Thomson’s Atomic Model
- Lord Rutherford’s Atomic model
- Limitations of Rutherford’s Atomic Model
- Neils Bohr’s Model of an Atom
- Electronic Configuration of Atom
- Valency
- Different Ways to Determine Valency
- Atomic Number (Z), Mass Number (A), and Number of Neutrons (n)
- Atomic Mass
- Isotopes
- Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
- Isobars
- Atoms and Molecules Numericals
The Fundamental Unit of Life
- Cell: Structural and Functional Unit of Life
- The Invention of the Microscope and the Discovery of Cell
- Cell Theory
- Organisms Show Variety in Cell Number, Shape and Size
- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell
- Simple Diffusion
- Concept of Osmosis
- Osmotic Pressure
- Structure of the Cell
- Plasma Membrane
- Semi-permeable Membrane (Cell Membrane)
- Cell Wall - “Supporter and Protector”
- Nucleus - “Brain” of the Cell
- Cytoplasm - “Area of Movement”
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- Golgi Apparatus - "The delivery system of the cell"
- Lysosome - “Suicidal Bag”
- Mitochondria - “Power House of the Cell”
- Plastids
- Non-living Substances Or Cell Inclusion
- Plant Cell and Animal Cell
- Cell Division: an Essential Life Process
Tissues
Motion
Diversity in Living Organisms
- Biodiversity
- Biological Classification
- Classification of Living Organisms
- Taxonomic Hierarchy of Living Organisms: Unit of Classification
- Five Kingdom Classification
- Kingdom Monera
- Kingdom Protista
- Kingdom Fungi
- Classification of Kingdom Plantae
- Kingdom Animalia
- Differences Between Plantae (Plants) and Animalia (Animals)
- Classification of Kingdom Plantae
- Kingdom Plantae: Thallophyta (Algae)
- Kingdom Plantae: Thallophyta (Fungi)
- Division II- Bryophytes
- Division III- Pteridophytes
- Division I-Gymnosperms
- Division II- Angiosperms
- Kingdom Animalia
- Phylum: Porifera
- Phylum: Cnidaria/Coelenterata
- Phylum: Platyhelminthes
- Invertebrate: Phylum Nematoda
- Phylum: Annelida
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Phylum: Mollusca
- Phylum: Echinodermata
- Subphylum: Prochordata
- Chordata: Vertebrata
- Invertebrata and Vertebrata
- Taxonomy and Systematics
- Nomenclature
Force and Laws of Motion
- Force
- Force - Push or Pull
- Effect of Force
- Types of Force: Contact Force
- Types of Force: Non-Contact Force
- Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
- Newton's First Law of Motion
- Inertia and Mass
- Newton's Second Law of Motion
- Newton's Third Law of Motion
- Conservation of Momentum
- Force and Laws of Motion (Numerical)
Gravitation
Work and Energy
- Concept of Work
- Concept of Work
- Energy
- Mechanical Energy
- Kinetic Energy (K)
- Potential Energy (U)
- Potential Energy of an Object at a Height
- Gravitational Potential Energy
- Transformation of Energy
- Law of Conservation of Energy
- Rate of Doing Work
- Work and Energy (Numericals)
Sound
- Sound
- Production of Sound
- Propagation of Sound
- Sound Need a Medium to Travel
- Sound Waves Are Longitudinal Waves
- Characteristics of a Sound Wave
- Speed of Sound (Velocity of Sound)
- Reflection of Sound
- Echoes
- Reverberation
- Uses of Multiple Reflection of Sound
- Range of Hearing in Humans
- Ultrasonic Sound Or Ultrasound
- SONAR
- Human Ear
- Sound (Numerical)
Improvement in Food Resources
- Improvements in Food Resources
- Improvement in Crop Yields
- Crop Variety Improvement
- Crop Production Improvement
- Crop Protection Management
- Methods to Replenish Nutrients in Your Soil
- Manuring (Biomanuring)
- Fertilizers
- Improved methods of agriculture
- Agricultural Assistance Programme
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock)
- Dairy Farming
- Poultry Farming
- Pisciculture (Fish Farming)
- Apiculture (Bee Farming)
Why Do We Fall ill
- Health
- Disease
- Categories of Disease
- Acute and Chronic Diseases
- Causes of Disease
- Communicable Or Infectious Diseases
- Infectious Agents
- Manifestation of Diseases
- Modes of Transmission of Diseases
- Organ-specific and Tissue-specific Manifestations
- Principles of Prevention of Diseases
- Principles of Treatment of Diseases
Natural Resources

Introduction
Experiment

Introduction:

Sublimation is a special process where a solid changes directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first.

Normally, when a solid is heated, it first melts into a liquid and then the liquid evaporates into a gas. But in sublimation, a solid skips the liquid phase and goes directly into the gaseous state.
Example: When iodine crystals are heated, they don’t melt into liquid. Instead, they change directly into iodine gas (fumes).

Experiment

1. Aim: To observe the sublimation of iodine crystals when heated with sand.

2. Requirements: sand, iodine crystals, crucible, tripod, funnel, cotton plug, and burner.

3. Procedure

Setup: Take some sand in a crucible and place a few iodine crystals on top.
Heating Assembly: Position the crucible on a tripod.
Funnel preparation: Block the stem of a funnel with a cotton plug and invert it over the crucible.
Heating: Light the burner and heat the mixture in the crucible.
Observation: Carefully observe the changes, noting the sublimation of iodine.

4. Conclusion: The iodine crystals transition from a solid to a gaseous state without passing through a liquid phase, demonstrating the process of sublimation.